Dra. Maria Luisa Garmendia Miguel

@article{nokey,

title = {Socioeconomic position and cancer stage at diagnosis in a fragmented Latin American health system},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-025-24564-w},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-11-19},

journal = {Sci Rep.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Guerrero-Nancuante C, Eguiguren P, Abarca-Baeza I.



- Cómo citar:  Guerrero-Nancuante C, Eguiguren P, Abarca-Baeza I, Garmendia ML. Socioeconomic position and cancer stage at diagnosis in a fragmented Latin American health system. Sci Rep. 2025;15, 40813 doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-24564-w PMID: 41258445 ISSN: 2045-2322. IF [JCR]: 3.9. Q1



- Resumen: Early cancer diagnosis is crucial to improving disease prognosis. Although several studies have investigated the relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP) and stage at diagnosis, there is limited evidence from contexts with highly fragmented health systems and pronounced socioeconomic inequalities. This study analyzed the association between SEP and stage of cancer diagnosis. Data were obtained from the EquityCancer-LA baseline study. The sample included patients aged 18 or older with a confirmed cancer diagnosis within the 12 months prior to participation. Cancer stage was determined by the oncology committees of participating healthcare centers and logistic regression models were used to assess the association between SEP and cancer stage at diagnosis. A total of 343 individuals participated in the study, 39.1% of whom were diagnosed at a late stage. Two SEP indicators were associated with this outcome. After adjusting for covariates, participants without formal income had higher odds of late-stage diagnosis (OR = 2.14; 95% CI 1.02–4.53), and those who were non-head of household (OR = 1.83; 95% CI 1.11–3.02). When adjusting for all SEP variables, only non–head of household condition remained significantly associated (OR = 1.77; 95% CI 1.07–2.96). These results show that disadvantaged SEP was associated with higher odds of late-stage cancer diagnosis. The findings suggest the need for strategies that promote early diagnosis and address the socioeconomic inequities identified in this study.},

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pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Consumption of ultra-processed foods and breast density in adolescence},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia and Ana Pereira},

doi = { 10.1038/s41598-025-23030-x},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-11-10},

journal = {Sci Rep.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Devoto A, Jacard M. 



- Cómo citar:  Alberti, G., Cantillo, T., Pereira, A., De Barbieri, F., García, C., Villarroel, L., & Gana, J. C. (2024). Prevalence of Fatty Pancreas and its relation with anthropometric values on the Growth and Obesity Cohort Study. Jornal de pediatria, S0021-7557(24)00145-1. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2024.09.007



- Resumen: Breast density (BD) is one of the major risk factors for breast cancer (BC) and has the potential to be used as an early marker. Puberty is a critical period for carcinogenesis, and identifying events that modify BD during this stage could aid in understanding future BC risk. The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has been associated with BC; however, evidence of their effect on BD, particularly in adolescents, is lacking. To assess the association between the intake of UPFs during the peripubertal period and BD measured at 4 years after menarche onset, absolute fibroglandular volume (AFGV) and the percentage of fibroglandular volume (%FGV) were used. The Growth and Obesity Cohort Study is a longitudinal study of 550 girls recruited in 2006 at daycare centers in the southeastern area of Santiago, Chile.

},

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pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Biomarkers of oxidative stress in maternal plasma, umbilical cord and placenta of patients with gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia },

doi = {10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2025.06.007},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-09-08},

journal = {Free Radic. Biol. Med.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Etchegaray-Armijo K, Bustos-Arriagada E, Navarro-Rosenblatt D, Vera C, Sobrevia L, López-Alarcón C, Casanello P.



- Cómo citar: Etchegaray-Armijo K, Bustos-Arriagada E, Navarro-Rosenblatt D, Vera C, Garmendia ML, Sobrevia L, López-Alarcón C, Casanello P. Biomarkers of oxidative stress in maternal plasma, umbilical cord and placenta of patients with gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2025;Jun 6:S0891-5849(25)00756-7. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2025.06.007 PMID: 40484206 ISSN: 0891-5849. IF [JRC]: 8.2. Q1



- Resumen: To determine the association between Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and oxidative stress biomarkers in the mother, placenta, and newborn.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Validating Sentinel Foods in the Diet Quality Questionnaire: Insights from Two Chilean Cohorts of Pregnant Women and Children},

author = {Ángela Martínez and Natalia Rebolledo and María Luisa Garmendia },

doi = {10.3390/nu17182980},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-09-07},

journal = {Nutrients},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Martínez-Arroyo A, Barisione G, Vizcarra M, Rebolledo N, Garmendia ML.



- Cómo citar:  Martínez-Arroyo A, Barisione G, Vizcarra M, Rebolledo N, Garmendia ML. Validating Sentinel Foods in the Diet Quality Questionnaire: Insights from Two Chilean Cohorts of Pregnant Women and Children Nutrients. 2025;7(18):2980. doi: 10.3390/nu17182980 PMID: 41010505 EISSN: 2072-6643. IF [JCR]: 5.0. Q1



- Resumen: Background: New tools for monitoring diets, such as the Diet Quality Questionnaire (DQQ), may help reduce the costs and burden associated with traditional methods of diet assessment. However, its proposed sentinel foods require validation in target populations. This study aimed to validate the Chilean sentinel foods and describe the performance of DQQ, as well as its Global Dietary Recommendation (GDR) indicators, in two Chilean cohorts

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {High dietary total energy intake and energy density are associated with girl's breast density during puberty},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia and Ángela Martínez and Ana Pereira },

doi = {10.1007/s00394-025-03755-1},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-07-22},

journal = {Eur. J. Nutr.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Carrasco C, Garmendia ML, Martínez-Arroyo A, Shepherd J, Pereira A.



- Cómo citar: Carrasco C, Garmendia ML, Martínez-Arroyo A, Shepherd J, Pereira A. High dietary total energy intake and energy density are associated with girl's breast density during puberty Eur. J. Nutr. 2025;64, 245 (2025) doi: 10.1007/s00394-025-03755-1 PMID: 40694138 ISSN: 1436-6207. IF [JCR]: 4.3. Q1



- Resumen: Breast density (BD) is an important risk factor for breast cancer (BC). Excessive caloric intake in adulthood is associated with an increased risk of BC and BD in adults. We aim to assess whether high total energy intake and energy density in the diet during puberty is associated with breast composition (% fibroglandular volume (%FGV) and absolute fibroglandular volume (AFGV) in girls two years after menarche onset independently of body size.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Delays and detours during cancer diagnosis: a cross-sectional study on patient pathways and provider intervals in public healthcare networks of Chile, Colombia and Ecuador},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1186/s12885-026-15737-5},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-02-26},

journal = {BMC Cancer.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Vázquez ML, Eguiguren P, Mogollón-Pérez AS, Peralta A, Borrás J, Aznar-Lou I, Jervelund S, Cardozo C, Benthami-Zarhouni S, Dueñas-Espín I, Diaz S, Vargas I.



- Cómo citar:  Vázquez ML, Eguiguren P, Mogollón-Pérez AS, Peralta A, Borrás J, Aznar-Lou I, Jervelund S, Cardozo C, Benthami-Zarhouni S, Dueñas-Espín I, Garmendia ML, Diaz S, Vargas I. Delays and detours during cancer diagnosis: a cross-sectional study on patient pathways and provider intervals in public healthcare networks of Chile, Colombia and Ecuador BMC Cancer. 2026;Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1186/s12885-026-15737-5 PMID: 41749118 EISSN: 1471-2407. IF [JCR]: 3.4. Q2



- Resumen: The longest delays in cancer diagnosis in Latin America occur between the first contact with health services and the confirmation of diagnosis (referred to as the provider interval), yet few studies have examined patient pathways to understand these delays. This study aims to analyze patient diagnostic pathways and their relationship to the provider interval in public healthcare networks of Chile, Colombia and Ecuador.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Socioeconomic position and breast cancer screening use in Chile: A population-based study},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.102973},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-02-10},

journal = {Prev. Med. Rep. },

abstract = {- Otros autores: Guerrero-Nancuante C, Eguiguren P, Abarca-Baeza I, Guzmán I.



- Cómo citar: Guerrero-Nancuante C, Eguiguren P, Abarca-Baeza I, Guzmán I, Garmendia ML. Socioeconomic position and breast cancer screening use in Chile: A population-based study. Prev. Med. Rep. 2025;Jan 16:50:102973. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.102973. PMID: 39911837. EISSN: 2211-3355. IF [JCR]: 2.4. Q2



- Resumen: Breast cancer screening is crucial for the early detection of the disease. Although several studies have examined the relationship between socioeconomic factors and mammography use, the impact of socioeconomic position (SEP) in countries undergoing demographic and epidemiological transitions—marked by a rising cancer incidence—and passive breast cancer screening programs in the search of the target population remains understudied.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Understanding the health system drivers of delayed cancer diagnosis in public healthcare networks of Chile, Colombia and Ecuador: a qualitative study with health professionals, managers and policymakers},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia },

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117499},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-11-15},

journal = {Social science & medicine},

abstract = {- Otros autores:  Vargas, I., Mogollón-Pérez, A. S., Eguiguren, P., Torres, A. L., Peralta, A., Rubio-Valera, M., Jervelund, S. S., Borras, J. M., Dias, S., Vázquez, M. L., & EquityCancer-LA project.



- Cómo citar:  Vargas, I., Mogollón-Pérez, A. S., Eguiguren, P., Torres, A. L., Peralta, A., Rubio-Valera, M., Jervelund, S. S., Borras, J. M., Dias, S., Vázquez, M. L., & EquityCancer-LA project (2024). Understanding the health system drivers of delayed cancer diagnosis in public healthcare networks of Chile, Colombia and Ecuador: A qualitative study with health professionals, managers and policymakers. Social science & medicine (1982), 365, 117499. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117499



- Resumen: Although the greatest delays in cancer diagnosis in Latin America occur in the provider interval little is known about the related factors. This study aims to analyze factors influencing access to cancer diagnosis -from initial contact with health services to confirmation- from institutional stakeholders' perspective in public healthcare networks of Chile, Colombia, and Ecuador. A qualitative, descriptive-interpretative study was conducted in two networks per country, using semi-structured individual interviews (n = 118; 23 to 58, per country) with a criterion sample of health professionals and administrative personnel from primary care (PC) (n = 41) and secondary/tertiary care hospitals (n = 47), network managers and policymakers (n = 30). The final sample size was reached through saturation. Thematic content analysis was performed, segmented by country. The analysis reveals interacting factors that cause cumulative delays throughout the patient's diagnostic pathway within healthcare networks, with differences between countries. In all three, informants identify similar characteristics of the networks: structural (deficits in diagnostic resources; geographical accessibility), organizational factors (long waiting times, especially after referral), and the limited knowledge and experience of PC doctors, which all lead to delayed diagnosis. In Chile and Colombia, health policy barriers related to care rationing/prioritization policies that hampered access to tests, and in Chile, increased delays for non-prioritized conditions. Country-specific barriers related to the organization of healthcare system also emerge: in Chile, private services subcontracting and the voucher system for using them; in Colombia, the management of care by insurers (care authorizations; fragmented and short-term contracting of providers); and in Ecuador, underfunding of the system. The barriers most affect the elderly, those with low socioeconomic status, with limited support networks, and rural areas residents. The results reveal relevant barriers in access to timely cancer diagnosis which can and should be addressed with specific cancer diagnosis policies and general measures that strengthen public healthcare systems and networks.



},

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pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Potential actions for preventing high consumption of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners among Chilean children and adolescents: recommendations from a panel of relevant actors},

author = {Marcela Reyes and Isabel Pemjean and Camila Corvalán and María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {doi:10.1017/S1368980024001745},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-10-08},

urldate = {2024-10-08},

journal = { Public Health Nutrition},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Pino, C., Ortega, A.,



- Cómo citar: Reyes, M., Pino, C., Ortega, A., Pemjean, I., Corvalán, C., & Garmendia, M. L. (2024). Potential actions for preventing high consumption of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners among Chilean children and adolescents: recommendations from a panel of relevant actors. Public Health Nutrition, 27(1), e199. doi:10.1017/S1368980024001745



- Resumen: Objective:To provide local policymakers with a guideline of potential actions to prevent the high consumption of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners (NNS) among children and adolescents observed in Chile, given the potential health problems related to NNS intake.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Reproductive factors and mammographic density within the International Consortium of Mammographic Density: A cross-sectional study},

author = {Ana Pereira and María Luisa Garmendia },

doi = {doi: 10.1186/s13058-024-01890-x},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-09-30},

journal = {Breast Cancer Res },

abstract = {- Otros autores: Jessica O’Driscoll, Anya Burton, Gertraud Maskarinec, Beatriz Perez-Gomez, Celine Vachon, Hui Miao, Martín Lajous, Ruy López-Ridaura, A. Heather Eliassen, Ana Pereira, Maria Luisa Garmendia, Rulla M. Tamimi, Kimberly Bertrand, Ava Kwong, Giske Ursin, Eunjung Lee, Samera A. Qureshi, Huiyan Ma, Sarah Vinnicombe, Sue Moss, Steve Allen, Rose Ndumia, Sudhir Vinayak, Soo-Hwang Teo, Shivaani Mariapun, Farhana Fadzli, Beata Peplonska, Chisato Nagata, Jennifer Stone, John L. Hopper, Graham Giles, Vahit Ozmen, Mustafa Erkin Aribal, Joachim Schüz, Carla H. Van Gils, Johanna O. P. Wanders, Reza Sirous, Mehri Sirous, John Hipwell, Jisun Kim, Jong Won Lee, Mikael Hartman, Jingmei Li, Christopher Scott, Anna M. Chiarelli, Linda Linton, Marina Pollan, Anath Arzee Flugelman, Dorria Salem, Rasha Kamal, Norman Boyd, Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Valerie McCormack & Maeve Mullooly



- Cómo citar:  O’Driscoll, J., Burton, A., Maskarinec, G. et al. Reproductive factors and mammographic density within the International Consortium of Mammographic Density: A cross-sectional study. Breast Cancer Res 26, 139 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-024-01890-x



- Resumen: Elevated mammographic density (MD) for a woman’s age and body mass index (BMI) is an established breast cancer risk factor. The relationship of parity, age at first birth, and breastfeeding with MD is less clear. We examined the associations of these factors with MD within the International Consortium of Mammographic Density (ICMD).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Association between consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners and gestational diabetes mellitus in Chilean pregnant women: A secondary data analysis of the CHiMINCs-II cohort},

author = {Paola Campos and Natalia Rebolledo and Marcela Reyes and María Luisa Garmendia },

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2024.112560},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-09-18},

urldate = {2024-09-18},

journal = {Nutrition },

abstract = {- Otros autores: Campos, P., Durán, S., Flores, M.



- Cómo citar: Campos, P., Rebolledo, N., Durán, S., Flores, M., Reyes, M., & Garmendia, M. L. (2024). Association between consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners and gestational diabetes mellitus in Chilean pregnant women: A secondary data analysis of the CHiMINCs-II cohort. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 128, 112560. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2024.112560.



- Resumen: To evaluate the association between consumed non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a cohort of pregnant women from Santiago, Chile.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Growth patterns in infants born to women with pregestational overweight/obesity supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid during pregnancy},

author = {Pedro Ferrer and María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.12294},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-08-05},

journal = {Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 79(2), 371–381},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Valeria De Toro, Gigliola Alberti, Angelica Dominguez, Karina Carrasco-Negüe, Rodrigo Valenzuela, Paola Casanello.



- Cómo citar:  De Toro, V., Alberti, G., Dominguez, A., Carrasco-Negüe, K., Ferrer, P., Valenzuela, R., Garmendia, M. L., & Casanello, P. (2024). Growth patterns in infants born to women with pregestational overweight/obesity supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid during pregnancy. Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 79(2), 371–381. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.12294



- Resumen: Background: Previous studies of maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation during pregnancy have controversial and contrasting results on the short and long-term effects on early child growth. The impact of this nutritional intervention on the postnatal growth patterns in the offspring of women with pregestational overweight/obesity (PGO) also remains controversial.



Objective: To analyze the postnatal growth patterns during the first 4 months of life in the offspring of women with PGO randomly supplemented with 800 mg/day (PGO-800) compared with normative doses of 200 mg/day (PGO-200) of DHA during pregnancy (<15 weeks of gestation until delivery).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {DHA supplementation during pregnancy increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes in the placenta of women with gestational diabetes mellitus},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia },

doi = {10.1016/j.placenta.2024.05.061},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-08-05},

journal = {Placenta},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Etchegaray-Armijo K, Gómez J, López C, Casanello P.



- Cómo citar: Etchegaray-Armijo K, Gómez J, López C, Garmendia ML, Casanello P. DHA supplementation during pregnancy increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes in the placenta of women with gestational diabetes mellitus Placenta 2024;153: e19 doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.05.061 ISSN: 0143-4004 IF [JCR]: 2.5. Q2



- Resumen: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a glucose intolerance diagnosed for the first-time during pregnancy and resolves after delivery. GDM is associated with increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant capacity in the placenta. Limited data shows the potential antioxidant effect of Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA- an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid) during pregnancy. However, the effect of maternal DHA supplementation on the expression of antioxidant response genes in the GDM placenta is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal DHA supplementation on placental antioxidant enzyme expression in pregnant women with/without GDM.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Developmental programming of the offspring´s health and disease by maternal obesity},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia },

doi = {10.1016/j.placenta.2024.05.006},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-08-05},

journal = {Placenta},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Lépez M, Bellalta S, Carrasco-Negüe K, Castaño-Moreno E, Jaramillo-Ospina A, Araujo K, Etchegaray K, Navarro C, Gómez-Cayupán J, Valenzuela R, Casanello P.



- Cómo citar: Macarena Lépez, Sofía Bellalta, Karina Carrasco-Negüe, Erika Castaño-Moreno, Ángela Jaramillo-Ospina, Kenny Araujo, Karina Etchegaray, Carmen Navarro, Jorge Gómez-Cayupán, Rodrigo Valenzuela, María Luisa Garmendia, Paola Casanello,

Developmental programming of the offspring´s health and disease by maternal obesity, Placenta, Volume 153, 2024, Page e3,

ISSN 0143-4004, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2024.05.006.



- Resumen: Maternal obesity is the most relevant risk factor for developing childhood obesity and metabolic syndrome in the offspring. The mother’s inflammatory and metabolic status can be transferred to the developing embryo and fetus, which can program cell metabolism. In this presentation, a short review of the mechanisms by which maternal obesity can alter the fetal immune function, fetal adiposity, and placental function will be described. We set the study at birth and follow-up (4 months) of the offspring of women with pregestational obesity who participated in a randomized controlled trial of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation during pregnancy. The results of this follow-up on neonatal body composition, immune function, and methylome, metabolic markers (lipid profile, HOMA-IR, leptin, adiponectin), and placental markers of inflammation and fatty acid transporters will be presented and discussed. The results presented will shed light on our current research interest, where the mechanism by which the inflammatory intrauterine environment could alter the offspring´s progenitor hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, compromising their early cell commitment. These molecular changes are critical to the infant´s programming of the risk of obesity and chronic diseases and are fundamental to understanding how and when prevention needs to start.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Socio-economic factors related to premature death from colorectal cancer in Santiago de Chile, 2014–2018: a cross-sectional study},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1016/j.puhe.2024.03.003},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-10},

journal = {Public Heatlh},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Guerrero-Nancuante C, Eguiguren P, Bass C.



- Cómo citar:  Guerrero-Nancuante C, Eguiguren P, Bass C, Garmendia ML. Socio-economic factors related to premature death from colorectal cancer in Santiago de Chile, 2014–2018: a cross-sectional study. Public Heatlh 2024; 5:231:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.03.003. PMID: 38582055. ISSN: 0033-3506. IF [JCR]: 3.2. Q1



- Resumen: In Chile, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth cause of death by cancer. Few studies have evaluated the role of contextual and individual socio-economic variables associated with premature death by CRC (<70 years). We analyzed the association between socio-economic factors (at individual and contextual levels) and premature death from CRC in Santiago de Chile.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Socio-economic factors related to premature death from colorectal cancer in Santiago de Chile, 2014–2018: a cross-sectional study},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2024.03.003},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-06},

journal = {Public health, 231, 1–6.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: C Guerrero-Nancuante, P Eguiguren, C Bass



- Cómo citar:  Guerrero-Nancuante, C., Eguiguren, P., Bass, C., & Garmendia, M. L. (2024). Socio-economic factors related to premature death from colorectal cancer in Santiago de Chile, 2014-2018: a cross-sectional study. Public health, 231, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2024.03.003



- Resumen: Objectives: In Chile, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth cause of death by cancer. Few studies have evaluated the role of contextual and individual socio-economic variables associated with premature death by CRC (<70 years). We analyzed the association between socio-economic factors (at individual and contextual levels) and premature death from CRC in Santiago de Chile. Study design: This was a cross-sectional study.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Breast composition during and after puberty: the Chilean Growth and Obesity Cohort Study.},

author = {Ana Pereira and María Luisa Garmendia and Camila Corvalán},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-03-12},

abstract = {- Otros autores:  Valeria Leiva, Karin B Michels, John Shepherd.



- Cómo citar:  Pereira, A., Garmendia, M. L., Leiva, V., Corvalán, C., Michels, K. B., & Shepherd, J. (2024). Breast composition during and after puberty: the Chilean Growth and Obesity Cohort Study. Breast cancer research : BCR, 26(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-024-01793-x



- Resumen: Background: Breast density (BD) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. Little is known about how BD develops during puberty. Understanding BD trajectories during puberty and its determinants could be crucial for promoting preventive actions against breast cancer (BC) at early ages. The objective of this research is to characterize % fibroglandular volume (%FGV), absolute fibroglandular volume (AFGV), and breast volume (BV) at different breast Tanner stages until 4-year post menarche in a Latino cohort and to assess determinants of high %FGV and AFGV during puberty and in a fully mature breast.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Breast composition during and after puberty: the Chilean Growth and Obesity Cohort Study},

author = {Ana Pereira and María Luisa Garmendia and Camila Corvalán},

doi = {10.1186/s13058-024-01793-x},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-03-12},

journal = {Breast Cancer Res.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Leiva V, Corvalán C, Michels K, Shepherd J.



- Cómo citar: Pereira A, Garmendia ML, Leiva V, Corvalán C, Michels K, Shepherd J. Breast composition during and after puberty: the Chilean Growth and Obesity Cohort Study. Breast Cancer Res. 2024;12;26(1)45. doi: 10.1186/s13058-024-01793-x. PMID: 38475816. ISSN: 1465-5411. IF [JCR]: 5.6. Q1



- Resumen: Breast density (BD) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. Little is known about how BD develops during puberty. Understanding BD trajectories during puberty and its determinants could be crucial for promoting preventive actions against breast cancer (BC) at early ages. The objective of this research is to characterize % fibroglandular volume (%FGV), absolute fibroglandular volume (AFGV), and breast volume (BV) at different breast Tanner stages until 4-year post menarche in a Latino cohort and to assess determinants of high %FGV and AFGV during puberty and in a fully mature breast.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Iron, folic acid, and vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy: Did pregnant Chilean women meet the recommendations during the COVID pandemic?},

author = {Fernanda Mujica and María Luisa Garmendia and Camila Corvalán},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0293745},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-12-04},

urldate = {2023-12-04},

journal = {PLoS One.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Mujica-Coopman, M. F., Garmendia, M. L., & Corvalán, C. 



- Cómo citar: Mujica-Coopman, M. F., Garmendia, M. L., & Corvalán, C. (2023). Iron, folic acid, and vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy: Did pregnant Chilean women meet the recommendations during the COVID pandemic?. PloS one, 18(11), e0293745. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293745.



- Resumen: Background: Antenatal micronutrient supplementation has been defined as a priority for Low-and Middle-income Countries (LMICs). However, it is also relevant to assess its performance in middle-high income countries, such as Chile, particularly given the post-pandemic food insecurity context.

Aim: To assess the use (frequency and doses) of daily recommended supplementation (iron (15-30 mg), folic acid (FA) (400-800 μg/day), and vitamin (VD) (400 IU)) in a sample of Chilean pregnant women.

Methods: In 1, 507 pregnant women selected from public health care registries of the Southeast area of Santiago-Chile, we collected maternal, supplement use, sociodemographic, and nutritional information at the first (<15 weeks), second (24-28 weeks), and third trimesters (32-36 weeks) of gestation by using a researcher administer online questionnaire.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer 1st Edition: 17 cancer prevention recommendations to the public and to policy-makers (World Code Against Cancer Framework)},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1016/j.canep.2023.102402},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-11-20},

urldate = {2023-11-20},

journal = {Cancer Epidemiol. },

abstract = {- Otros autores: Espina, C., Feliu, A., Maza, M., Almonte, M., Ferreccio, C., Finck, C., Herrero, R., Dommarco, J. R., de Almeida, L. M., Arrossi, S., García, P. J., Garmendia, M. L., Mohar, A., Murillo, R., Santamaría, J., Tortolero-Luna, G., Cazap, E., Gabriel, O. O., Paonessa, D., Zoss, J.



- Cómo citar: Espina, C., Feliu, A., Maza, M., Almonte, M., Ferreccio, C., Finck, C., Herrero, R., Dommarco, J. R., de Almeida, L. M., Arrossi, S., García, P. J., Garmendia, M. L., Mohar, A., Murillo, R., Santamaría, J., Tortolero-Luna, G., Cazap, E., Gabriel, O. O., Paonessa, D., Zoss, J. W., … Working Groups of Scientific Experts (2023). Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer 1st Edition: 17 cancer prevention recommendations to the public and to policy-makers (World Code Against Cancer Framework). Cancer epidemiology, 86 Suppl 1, 102402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2023.102402.



- Resumen: Preventable risk factors are responsible of at least 40% of cases and almost 45% of all cancer deaths worldwide. Cancer is already the leading cause of death in almost half of the Latin American and the Caribbean countries constituting a public health problem. Cost-effective measures to reduce exposures through primary prevention and screening of certain types of cancers are critical in the fight against cancer but need to be tailored to the local needs and scenarios. The Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) Code Against Cancer, 1st edition, consists of 17 evidence-based recommendations for the general public, based on the most recent solid evidence on lifestyle, environmental, occupational, and infectious risk factors, and medical interventions. Each recommendation is accompanied by recommendations for policymakers to guide governments establishing the infrastructure needed to enable the public adopting the recommendations. The LAC Code Against Cancer has been developed in a collaborative effort by a large number of experts from the region, under the umbrella strategy and authoritative methodology of the World Code Against Cancer Framework. The Code is a structured instrument ideal for cancer prevention and control that aims to raise awareness and educate the public, while building capacity and competencies to policymakers, health professionals, stakeholders, to contribute to reduce the burden of cancer in LAC.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {The impact of health policies and the COVID-19 pandemic on exclusive breastfeeding in Chile during 2009–2020},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia },

doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-37675-z},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-14},

urldate = {2023-08-14},

journal = {Sci Rep.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Navarro-Rosenblatt D, Benmarhnia T, Bedregal P, Lopez Arana S, Rodriguez-Osiac L.

 

- Cómo citar: Navarro-Rosenblatt D, Benmarhnia T, Bedregal P, Lopez Arana S, Rodriguez-Osiac L, Garmendia ML. The impact of health policies and the COVID-19 pandemic on exclusive breastfeeding in Chile during 2009–2020. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):10671. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37675-z. PMID: 37393366. PMCID: PMC10314914. ISSN: 2045-2322. IF [JCR]: 4.6. Q2



 - Resumen: In 2011, Chile added 12 mandatory extra weeks of maternity leave (ML). In January 2015, a pay-for-performance (P4P) strategy was included in the primary healthcare system, incorporating exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) promotion actions. The COVID-19 pandemic led to healthcare access difficulties and augmented household workloads. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of a 24-week ML, the P4P strategy, and COVID-19 on EBF prevalence, at 3 and 6 months in Chile. Aggregated EBF prevalence data from public healthcare users nationwide (80% of the Chilean population) was collected by month. Interrupted time series analyses were used to quantify changes in EBF trends from 2009 to 2020. The heterogeneity of EBF changes was assessed by urban/setting and across geographic settings. We found no effect of ML on EBF; the P4P strategy increased EBF at 3 months by 3.1% and 5.7% at 6 months. COVID-19 reduced EBF at 3 months by - 4.5%. Geographical heterogeneity in the impact of the two policies and COVID-19 on EBF was identified. The null effect of ML on EBF in the public healthcare system could be explained by low access from public healthcare users to ML (20% had access to ML) and by an insufficient ML duration (five and a half months). The negative impact of COVID-19 on EBF should alert policy makers about the crisis's effect on health promotion activities.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Food access, domestic environments, and dietary quality of low-middle income Chilean children during the COVID-19 pandemic},

author = {Isabel Pemjean and Fernanda Mediano and Pedro Ferrer and María Luisa Garmendia and Camila Corvalán },

doi = {doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1164357},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-06-19},

urldate = {2023-06-19},

journal = {Front. Public Health},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Pemjean I. 

 

- Cómo citar: Pemjean I, Mediano F, Ferrer P, Garmendia ML, Corvalán C. Food access, domestic environments, and dietary quality of low-middle income Chilean children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front. Public Health. 2023;11:1164357. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1164357. PMID: 37408742. PMCID: PMC10319070. ISSN: 2296-2565. IF [JCR]: 5.2. Q1



 - Resumen: Introduction: Food access is associated with dietary quality; however, people living in similar physical environments can have different food access profiles. Domestic environments may also influence how food access relates to dietary quality. We studied food access profiles of 999 low-middle income Chilean families with children during the COVID-19 lockdown and how these profiles relate to dietary quality; secondarily, we also explore the role of the domestic environment in this relationship.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_56,

title = {Interactions between a polygenic risk score for plasma docosahexaenoic fatty acid concentration, eating behavior, and body composition in children.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1038/s41366-022-01067-6},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-00-00},

urldate = {2022-00-00},

journal = {Int. J. Obes.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Jaramillo A, Casanello P, Andersen R, Levitan R, Meaney M, Silveira PP. 

 

- Cómo citar: Jaramillo A, Casanello P, Andersen R, Levitan R, Meaney M, Silveira PP. Interactions between a polygenic risk score for plasma docosahexaenoic fatty acid concentration, eating behavior, and body composition in children. Int. J. Obes. 2022; 46:977–985. doi: 10.1038/s41366-022-01067-6. PMID: 35058573. ISSN: 0307-0565. IF [JCR]: 5.551. Q2 

 

- Resumen: "Background: The relationship between eating behaviour and current body weight has been described. However little is known about the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in this relationship. Genetic contribution to a certain condition is derived from a combination of small effects from many genetic variants, and polygenic risk scores (PRS) summarize these effects. A PRS based on a GWAS for plasma docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) has been created, based on SNPs from 9 genes. 

Objective: To analyze the interaction between the PRS for plasma DHA concentration, body composition and eating behaviour (using the Children Eating Behaviour Questionnaire) in childhood. Subjects/Methods: We analyzed a subsample of children from the Maternal, Adversity, Vulnerability and Neurodevelopment (MAVAN) cohort with PRS and measurements of eating behaviour performed at 4 years of age (n = 210), 6 y (n = 177), and body fat determined by bioelectric impedance at 4 y and 6 y or by air displacement plethysmography and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at 8 y (n = 42 and n = 37). PRS was based on the GWAS from Lemaitre et al. 2011 (p threshold = p < 5*10-6), and a median split created low and high PRS groups (high PRS = higher DHA level). Results: In ALSPAC children, we observed an association between PRS and plasma DHA concentration (β = 0.100, p < 0.01) and proportion (β = 0.107, p < 0.01). In MAVAN, there were interactions between PRS and body fat on pro-intake scores in childhood, in which low PRS and higher body fat were linked to altered behaviour. There were also interactions between PRS and pro-intake scores early in childhood on body fat later in childhood, suggesting that the genetic profile and eating behaviour influence the development of adiposity at later ages. 

Conclusions: A lower PRS (lower plasma PUFA) can be a risk factor for developing higher body fat associated with non-adaptive eating behaviour in childhood; it is possible that the higher PRS (higher plasma PUFA) is a protective feature."},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_70,

title = {Consumption of industrial processed foods and risk of premenopausal breast cancer among Latin American women: the PRECAMA study.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000335},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-00-00},

urldate = {2022-00-00},

journal = {BMJ nutr. prev. health.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Romieu I, Khandpur N, Katsikari A, Biessy C, Torres-Mejía G, Ángeles-Larenas A, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Sánchez GI, Maldonado ME, Porras C, Rodríguez AC, Chajés V, Aglago EK, Porter PL, Lin M, His M, Gunter MJ, Huybrechts I, Rinaldi S, PRECAMA team. 

 

- Cómo citar: Romieu I, Khandpur N, Katsikari A, Biessy C, Torres-Mejía G, Ángeles-Larenas A, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Sánchez GI, Maldonado ME, Porras C, Rodríguez AC, Chajés V, Aglago EK, Porter PL, Lin M, His M, Gunter MJ, Huybrechts I, Rinaldi S, PRECAMA team. Consumption of industrial processed foods and risk of premenopausal breast cancer among Latin American women: the PRECAMA study. BMJ nutr. prev. health. 2022;5(1):1-9. doi: 10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000335. PMID: 35814719. PMCID: PMC9237890. ISSN: 2516-5542. IF [SJR]: 0.416. Q3 

 -Resumen: Ultra-processed food intake has been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer in Western populations. No data are available in the Latin American population although the consumption of ultra-processed foods is increasing rapidly in this region. We evaluated the association of ultra-processed food intake to breast cancer risk in a case-control study including 525 cases (women aged 20-45 years) and 525 matched population-based controls from Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico. The degree of processing of foods was classified according to the NOVA classification. Overall, the major contributors to ultra-processed food intake were ready-to-eat/heat foods (18.2%), cakes and desserts (16.7%), carbonated and industrial fruit juice beverages (16.7%), breakfast cereals (12.9%), sausages and reconstituted meat products (12.1%), industrial bread (6.1%), dairy products and derivatives (7.6%) and package savoury snacks (6.1%). Ultra-processed food intake was positively associated with the risk of breast cancer in adjusted models (OR T3-T1=1.93; 95% CI=1.11 to 3.35). Specifically, a higher risk was observed with oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer (ORT3-T1=2.44, (95% CI=1.01 to 5.90},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_65,

title = {Habitual Phytoestrogen Intake is Associated with Breast Composition in Girls at 2 Years after Menarche Onset.},

author = {Marcela Reyes and María Luisa Garmendia and Camila Corvalán and Ana Pereira},

doi = {10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0016},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-00-00},

urldate = {2022-00-00},

journal = {Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Lesser C, Mericq V, Shepherd JA, Michels KB. 

 

- Cómo citar: Lesser C, Mericq V, Shepherd JA, Michels KB. Habitual Phytoestrogen Intake is Associated with Breast Composition in Girls at 2 Years after Menarche Onset. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 2022;31(7): 1334–1340. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0016. PMID: 35477112 PMCID: PMC9250624. ISSN: 1055-9965. IF [JCR]: 4.090. Q2 

 

-Resumen: "Background: High phytoestrogen intake during adolescence is associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. Breast density (BD) is a strong predictor of breast cancer and can be considered an early marker. We aim to assess the association between the mean habitual intake of isoflavones, lignans, and total phytoestrogens intake during puberty until 2 years after menarche onset and absolute fibroglandular volume (AFGV) and percentage of fibroglandular volume (%FGV) in Hispanic girls at the end of puberty. 

Methods: Longitudinal study set up in the Growth and Obesity Chilean Cohort Study (GOCS). We included 329 girls with dietary data (multiple 24-hours recalls) from puberty until 2 years after menarche onset (81% had 2-4 recalls). Two international datasets were used to estimate isoflavones, lignans, and total phytoestrogens in the diet. Breast composition was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at 2 years after menarche. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the association between isoflavones, lignans, and total phytoestrogens intake and AFGV and %FGV. Results: The average total phytoestrogen intake was 1 mg/day and %FGV was 50.7% (SD = 15.2) and AFGV 218.8 cm3 (SD = 79.3). An inverse association was found between consumption of isoflavones and AFGV, as well as, with total phytoestrogens [Q4 vs. Q1 adjusted model ß = -49.2 cm3; 95% CI (-85.5 to -13.0)]. 

Conclusions: Girls with a higher intake of total phytoestrogens and isoflavones during puberty until 2 years after menarche onset had significantly lower AFGV. 

Impact: Although the intake of phytoestrogens is low in Western populations, higher consumption of them during a critical period of life like puberty could be beneficial to reduce breast cancer during adulthood."},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_58,

title = {IL-7/IL7R axis dysfunction in adults with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP): a cross-sectional study.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-13063-x},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-00-00},

urldate = {2022-00-00},

journal = {Sci Rep},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Ampuero S, Bahamonde G, Tempio F, Ruiz M, Pizarro R, Rossi P, Huenchur L, Lizama L, López M, Avendaño LF, Luchsinger V. 

 

- Cómo citar: "Ampuero S, Bahamonde G, Tempio F, Ruiz M, Pizarro R, Rossi P, Huenchur L, Lizama L, López M, Avendaño LF, Luchsinger V. IL-7/IL7R axis dysfunction in adults with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP): a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 

 2022;12(1):13145. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13063-x. PMID: 35907923 PMCID: PMC9339003. ISSN: 2045-2322. IF [JCR]: 4.996. Q2" 

 

- Resumen: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a worldwide leading cause of death. Recognized risk factors in some severe cases have not been identified. Lymphocytopenia has been frequently described in CAP. Since IL-7, membrane-bound receptor (IL7Rα;CD127) and soluble IL7Rα (sIL7R) are critical in lymphocytes homeostasis, in this work we aimed to evaluate the involvement of the IL-7/IL7Rα axis in the severity of adult CAP, since it has not been explored. The IL7Rα SNPs rs6897932, rs987106, and rs3194051 SNPs in IL7α were genotyped, the systemic expression of the IL7R gene, sIL7R, IL-7, and levels of peripheral IL7Rα+ T lymphocytes were quantified in 202 hospitalized CAP cases. rs3194051GG was more frequent in non-survivors than in survivors; rs987106TT was more frequent and rs3194051AA less frequent in patients at intensive care unit (ICU) than in those not admitted to ICU. IL7Rα gene expression was lower in non-survivors than in survivors, and in severe than in mild cases. CD3+CD127+ lymphocytes were lower in severe than in mild cases; in non-survivors than in survivors and in ICU than in non- ICU admitted cases. sIL7Rα plasmatic levels were higher in non-survivors than in survivors, and in severe than in mild cases. rs6897932CC, rs987106AA and rs3194051GG carriers showed the highest while rs6897932TT showed the lowest sIL7Rα levels. The AUC of sIL7Rα levels predicting 30-day mortality was 0.71. Plasma IL-7 levels were lower in ICU-admitted than in not ICU-admitted and in non-survivors than in survivors. No additional association was detected. In conclusion, rs3194051GG and rs987106TT IL7R genotypes were associated with a poorer prognosis. A significant association between sIL7R levels and SNPs of the IL7R gene is described for the first time in adult CAP. Increased plasmatic sIL7R could contribute to identifying adult CAP cases at risk of death.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_57,

title = {Inflammatory biomarkers and risk of breast cancer among young women in Latin America: a case-control study.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1186/s12885-022-09975-6},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-00-00},

urldate = {2022-00-00},

journal = {BMC Cancer},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Fontvieille E, His M, Biessy C, Navionis AS, Torres-Mejía G, Ángeles-Llerenas A, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Sánchez GI, Navarro E, Rodas Cortes Y, Porras C, Rodriguez AC, Soto JL, Moyano L, Porter PL, Lin M, Guenthoer J, Romieu I, Rinaldi S & PRECAMA team. 

 

- Cómo citar: Fontvieille E, His M, Biessy C, Navionis AS, Torres-Mejía G, Ángeles-Llerenas A, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Sánchez GI, Navarro E, Rodas Cortes Y, Porras C, Rodriguez AC, Soto JL, Moyano L, Porter PL, Lin M, Guenthoer J, Romieu I, Rinaldi S & PRECAMA team. Inflammatory biomarkers and risk of breast cancer among young women in Latin America: a case-control study. BMC Cancer. 2022;22, 877. doi: 10.1186/s12885-022-09975-6. PMID: 35948877 PMCID: PMC9367082. ISSN: 1471-2407. IF [JCR]: 4.638. Q2 

 

- Resumen:"Background: Breast cancer incidence is increasing rapidly in Latin America, with a higher proportion of cases among young women than in developed countries. Studies have linked inflammation to breast cancer development, but data is limited in premenopausal women, especially in Latin America. 

Methods: We investigated the associations between serum biomarkers of chronic inflammation (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), leptin, adiponectin) and risk of premenopausal breast cancer among 453 cases and 453 matched, population-based controls from Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, and Mexico. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using conditional logistic regression models. Analyses were stratified by size and hormonal receptor status of the tumors. Results: IL-6 (ORper standard deviation (SD) = 1.33 (1.11–1.60)) and TNF-α (ORper SD = 1.32 (1.11–1.58)) were positively associated with breast cancer risk in fully adjusted models. Evidence of heterogeneity by estrogen receptor (ER) status was observed for IL-8 (P-homogeneity = 0.05), with a positive association in ER-negative tumors only. IL-8 (P-homogeneity = 0.06) and TNF-α (P-homogeneity = 0.003) were positively associated with risk in the largest tumors, while for leptin (P-homogeneity = 0.003) a positive association was observed for the smallest tumors only. 

Conclusions: The results of this study support the implication of chronic inflammation in breast cancer risk in young women in Latin America. Largest studies of prospective design are needed to confirm these findings in premenopausal women."},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_63,

title = {Respuesta a la carta: Impacto del cambio de punto de corte en el estándar de Atalah en la clasificación del estado nutricional de bajo peso durante el embarazo.},

author = {Camila Corvalán and María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.4067/S0717-75182022000200289},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-00-00},

urldate = {2022-00-00},

journal = {Rev. Chil. Nutr.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Araya M, Kusanovic JP. 

 

- Cómo citar: Araya M, Kusanovic JP. Respuesta a la carta: Impacto del cambio de punto de corte en el estándar de Atalah en la clasificación del estado nutricional de bajo peso durante el embarazo. Rev. Chil. Nutr. 2022;49(2): 289-290. doi: 10.4067/S0717-75182022000200289. N/A ISSN: 0717-7518. IF [JCI]: 0.12. Q4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Socio-economic inequalities in the effect of public policies and the COVID-19 pandemic on exclusive breastfeeding in Chile},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1016/j.puhe.2022.11.001},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-00-00},

urldate = {2022-00-00},

journal = {Public Health.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Navarro-Rosenblatt D, Benmarhnia T, Bedregal P, Lopez-Arana S, Rodriguez-Osiac L. 

 

- Cómo citar: Navarro-Rosenblatt D, Benmarhnia T, Bedregal P, Lopez-Arana S, Rodriguez-Osiac L, Garmendia ML. Socio-economic inequalities in the effect of public policies and the COVID-19 pandemic on exclusive breastfeeding in Chile. Public Health. 2022;214:61-68. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.11.001. N/A. ISSN: 0033-3506. IF [JCR]: 4.984. Q2 



 - Resumen: Objective: To assess the impact of the addition of 12 maternity leave (ML) weeks (2011), a pay for performance (P4P) exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) promotion strategy (2015), and the COVID-19 pandemic in EBF inequalities in Chile.

Study design: Interrupted time-series analyses (ITSAs).

Methods: Aggregated national EBF data by municipality and month were collected from 2009 to 2020. We assess the impact of the three events in EBF inequalities using two procedures: 1. ITSA stratified by municipal SES quintiles (Q1-Q5); 2. Calculating the EBF slope index of inequality (SII).

Results: The EBF prevalence was higher in lower SES municipalities before and after the three time-events. No impact in EBF inequalities was observed after the extended ML. The P4P strategy increased EBF at six months in all SES quintiles (effect size between 4% and 5%), but in a higher level in poorer municipalities (SII: -0.36% and -1.05%). During COVID-19, wealthier municipalities showed a slightly higher EBF at six months prevalence (SII: 1.44%).

Conclusion: The null impact of the extended ML in EBF inequalities could be explained by a low access to ML among affiliated to the public health system (20%). The P4P strategy includes multiple interventions that seemed effective in increasing EBF across all SES quintiles, but further in lower quintiles. The restrictions in healthcare access in poorer municipalities could explain EBF inequalities during COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; Chile; Exclusive breastfeeding; Health policy; Interrupted time-series; Maternity leave; Socio-economic inequalities.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_61,

title = {The association of age at menarche and adult height with mammographic density in the International Consortium of Mammographic Density.},

author = {Ana Pereira and María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1186/s13058-022-01545-9},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-00-00},

urldate = {2022-00-00},

journal = {Breast Cancer Res.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Ward SV, Burton A, Tamimi RM, Pollan M, Boyd N, Dos-Santos-Silva I, Maskarinec G, Perez-Gomez B, Vachon C, Miao H, Lajous M, López-Ridaura R, Bertrand K, Kwong A, Ursin G, Lee E, Ma H, Vinnicombe S, Moss S, Allen S, Ndumia R, Vinayak S, Teo SH, Mariapun S, Peplonska B, Bukowska-Damska A, Nagata C, Hopper J, Giles G, Ozmen V, Aribal ME, Schüz J, Van Gils CH, Wanders JOP, Sirous R, Sirous M, Hipwell J, Kim J, Lee JW, Dickens C, Hartman M, Chia KS, Scott C, Chiarelli AM, Linton L, Flugelman AA, Salem D, Kamal R, McCormack V, Stone J. 

 

- Cómo citar: Ward SV, Burton A, Tamimi RM, Pollan M, Boyd N, Dos-Santos-Silva I, Maskarinec G, Perez-Gomez B, Vachon C, Miao H, Lajous M, López-Ridaura R, Bertrand K, Kwong A, Ursin G, Lee E, Ma H, Vinnicombe S, Moss S, Allen S, Ndumia R, Vinayak S, Teo SH, Mariapun S, Peplonska B, Bukowska-Damska A, Nagata C, Hopper J, Giles G, Ozmen V, Aribal ME, Schüz J, Van Gils CH, Wanders JOP, Sirous R, Sirous M, Hipwell J, Kim J, Lee JW, Dickens C, Hartman M, Chia KS, Scott C, Chiarelli AM, Linton L, Flugelman AA, Salem D, Kamal R, McCormack V, Stone J. The association of age at menarche and adult height with mammographic density in the International Consortium of Mammographic Density. Breast Cancer Res. 2022;24(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s13058-022-01545-9. PMID: 35836268. PMCID: PMC9284807. ISSN: 1465-5411. IF [JCR]: 8.408. Q1 

 

- Resumen: "Background: Early age at menarche and tall stature are associated with increased breast cancer risk. We examined whether these associations were also positively associated with mammographic density, a strong marker of breast cancer risk. 

Methods: Participants were 10,681 breast-cancer-free women from 22 countries in the International Consortium of Mammographic Density, each with centrally assessed mammographic density and a common set of epidemiologic data. Study periods for the 27 studies ranged from 1987 to 2014. Multi-level linear regression models estimated changes in square-root per cent density (√PD) and dense area (√DA) associated with age at menarche and adult height in pooled analyses and population-specific meta-analyses. Models were adjusted for age at mammogram, body mass index, menopausal status, hormone therapy use, mammography view and type, mammographic density assessor, parity and height/age at menarche. Results: In pooled analyses, later age at menarche was associated with higher per cent density (β√PD = 0.023 SE = 0.008},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_62,

title = {The Chilean Maternal-Infant Cohort Study-II in the COVID-19 era: A study protocol.},

author = {Camila Corvalán and María Luisa Garmendia and Fernanda Mujica},

doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2022.904668},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-00-00},

urldate = {2022-00-00},

journal = {Front. Public Health.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Mujica-Coopman MF, Flores M. 

 

- Cómo citar: Mujica-Coopman MF, Flores M. The Chilean Maternal-Infant Cohort Study-II in the COVID-19 era: A study protocol. Front. Public Health. 2022;10:904668. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.904668. ISSN: 2296-2565. IF [JCI]: 6.461. Q1 

 

- Resumen: "Background: Pregnancy is a critical developmental window in which optimal maternal nutrition and health are key for pregnancy and infant development. The COVID-19 pandemic is considered as a “natural experiment” in which maternal and infant nutrition and health challenges were faced especially in developing countries. Therefore, understanding the health consequences for mothers and infants living in the COVID-19 era is key to revisit public health measures focused on maternal and infant health. The current work aims to describe the design, methods, and descriptive information at recruitment and preliminary findings of the Chilean Maternal & Infant Cohort Study II (CHiMINCs-II) cohort. 

Methods: The CHiMINCs-II is an ongoing cohort that is part of the Chilean Maternal and Infant Nutrition Observatory of the South-East area of Santiago, Chile. In total, 1954 pregnant women beneficiaries of the public health systems and their offspring were recruited before 15 weeks of gestation and are followed across pregnancy (<15, 26–28, and 35–37 weeks of gestation) and up to 2 years of age in their offspring. Two studies are currently nested within the CHiMINCs-II cohort: (1) Breast Cancer Risk Assessment in Mothers (BRECAM) study, and (2) the CHiMINCs-COVID study. The primary objective of BRECAM study is to test the association between maternal metabolic indicators (i.e., insulin, glucose, insulin growth factor 1, and hemoglobin A1c concentrations) at early pregnancy (i.e., <15 and 26–28 weeks of gestation) and breast density 3 months after the cessation of lactation. For this purpose, we collect maternal obstetric, lifestyle, dietary intake, anthropometric, and biochemical information. The aim of the CHiMINCs-COVID study is to assess maternal dietary intake and mental health problems derived from the COVID-19 pandemic and their association with maternal and infant's health and nutrition. Thus, we collected detailed information on dietary behaviors, mental health, and COVID-related information at each trimester, along with neonatal and infant nutritional information. 

Discussion: The findings of this study will provide novel and critical information to better understand maternal nutritional status, mental health, as well as infant growth and nutrition during the COVID-19 era. 

Clinical Trial Registration: BRECAM study registration number NCT03920098 and CHiMINCs-COVID study registration number NCT01916603."},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_91,

title = {Association between obesity with pattern and length of menstrual cycle: The role of metabolic and hormonal markers.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia and Ana Pereira},

doi = {10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.02.021},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-00-00},

urldate = {2021-00-00},

journal = {Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Roman Lay A. 

 

- Cómo citar: Roman Lay A. Association between obesity with pattern and length of menstrual cycle: The role of metabolic and hormonal markers. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 2021;260:225-231. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.02.021. PMID: 33741219. ISSN: 0301-2115. IF [JCR]: 2.831. Q3 

 

-Resumen: "Objectives: To evaluate in a sample of Chilean adult women, the association between adiposity markers with pattern and length of the menstrual cycle, assessing the influence of metabolic markers and hormones in this relationship. 

Study design: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 401 premenopausal women belonging to the DERCAM study (Determinants of Breast Cancer Risk) from Santiago, Chile. The menstrual cycle pattern was defined as regular or irregular, while menstrual cycle length was categorized as short (≤25 d), normal (26–31d), and long (≥32d). Adiposity markers included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and body fat percentage (BFP). Insulin, sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), androstenedione (A2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and progesterone were measured in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Results: There was no association between adiposity markers and cycle patterns. However, after all, metabolic and hormonal adjustments, women in the third tertile of BFP (RRR = 2.63; 95 % CI: 1.21.5.69) were more likely to have longer menstrual cycles. 

Conclusion: Women with high BFP presented a higher risk of having irregular menstrual cycles, which was an indicator of reproductive disorders; this relationship could be partially mediated by hormonal markers, especially SHBG, E1, and insulin levels."},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokeye,

title = {Impact of the change of the Atalah standard cut-off point to classify underweight nutritional status during pregnancy.},

author = {Camila Corvalán and María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.4067/S0717-75182021000500717},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-00-00},

urldate = {2021-00-00},

journal = {Rev. Chil. Nutr.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Araya M, Kusanovic JP. 

 - Cómo citar: Araya M, Kusanovic JP. Impact of the change of the Atalah standard cut-off point to classify underweight nutritional status during pregnancy. Rev. Chil. Nutr. 2021;48(5):717-725. doi: 10.4067/S0717-75182021000500717. N/A ISSN: 0716-1549. IF [JCI]: 0.12. Q4 - Resumen: Methods: Data from clinical records of single birth pregnancies (n= 59,476) at the Sótero del Río Hospital, between 2003-2012 were collected. We compared 1. nutritional status, 2. proportion of excessive gestational weight gain, 3. association between nutritional status and neonatal outcomes (large/small for gestational age, low birth weight, preterm birth and macrosomia), using logistic regression models, and 4. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values to predict adverse neonatal outcomes per nutritional status. Results: Pre-pregnancy underweight decreased from 8.6% to 2.5% and women with BMI between 18.5-19.9kg/m², who exceeded the recommended gestational weight gain increased from 32.7% to 49.2% when using IOM2009 instead of Atalah. Both standards showed low sensitivity, but the IOM2009 cut-off points showed better specificity for identifying healthy newborns. Conclusion: The cut-off points recommended by the IOM2009 better identify the prevalence of underweight and normal weight during pregnancy without increasing neonatal risk. This study supports the recent change of the Ministry of Health in adopting the WHO cut-off points during pregnancy.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokeyb,

title = {Rendimiento de dos índices predictores de mortalidad (PSI y CURB-65) en pacientes adultos inmunocompetentes hospitalizados por neumonía adquirida en la comunidad [Yield of two mortality predictors in immunocompetent patients with community acquired pneumonia].},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.4067/S0034-98872021000901275},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-00-00},

urldate = {2021-00-00},

journal = {Rev. Med. Chile.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Muñoz P, Ruiz M, Pizarro R, Rossi P, Prades Y, Huenchur L, Lizama L, Ampuero S, Larrañaga C, Avedaño LF, Luchsinger V. 

 

- Cómo citar: Muñoz P, Ruiz M, Pizarro R, Rossi P, Prades Y, Huenchur L, Lizama L, Ampuero S, Larrañaga C, Avedaño LF, Luchsinger V. Rendimiento de dos índices predictores de mortalidad (PSI y CURB-65) en pacientes adultos inmunocompetentes hospitalizados por neumonía adquirida en la comunidad [Yield of two mortality predictors in immunocompetent patients with community acquired pneumonia]. Rev. Med. Chile. 2021;149(9):1275-1284. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872021000901275. PMID: 35319680. ISSN: 0034-9887. IF [JCR] 0.553. Q4 

 

- Resumen: Background: The severity of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) can be evaluated by the PSI and CURB-65 scales. However, it is unknown whether their predictive capacity varies according to the etiology of the disease. 

Aim: To compare the performance of these scales in adults with viral, bacterial, mixed, and no agent detected CAP. 

Material and Methods: We studied 725 patients hospitalized for CAP aged 18 to 95 years (47% females) Urinary S. pneumoniae and Legionella antigens were detected by immuno-chromatography (Binax®). Respiratory viruses and bacteria were detected by PCR in nasopharyngeal smears. The proportions of deaths, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), and oxygen therapy were compared between mild and non-severe patients defined by PSI (I/II and I-III) and CURB-65 (1 and 1-2), according to the causative agent. Results: Ten percent of patients died. A causative agent was detected in 65%. The proportion of mild and non-severe patients according to PSI and CURB-65, and of deceased patients, admitted to the ICU and with oxygen therapy was similar in the four categories per agent. There were no deaths among non-severe patients with bacterial CAP. However, 6% of patients with CAP caused by virus or without causative agents, died. No deaths occurred among mild patients with bacterial CAP. In viral CAP, no deaths occurred among patients classified as mild only by PSI. The yields of PSI were greater than those of CURB-65 in non-severe patients who died and were admitted to the ICU with bacterial and viral CAP (5 and 14%; 7 and 12% respectively},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokeyd,

title = {Tendencia y causas de la mortalidad materna en Chile de 1990 a 2018 [Trends and causes of maternal deaths from 1990 to 2018].},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.4067/s0034-98872021001001440},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-00-00},

urldate = {2021-00-00},

journal = {Rev. Med. Chile.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Flores M. 

 

- Cómo citar: Flores M. Tendencia y causas de la mortalidad materna en Chile de 1990 a 2018 [Trends and causes of maternal deaths from 1990 to 2018]. Rev. Med. Chile. 2021;149(10): 1440-1449. doi: 10.4067/s0034-98872021001001440. PMID: 35319633. ISSN: 0034-9887. IF [JCR] 0.553. Q4 

 

- Resumen: Background: Previous studies have shown a decrease in the maternal mortality (MM) rates in Chile, with a trend towards stability since 2001. However, some of its associated causes such as high blood pressure, obesity, or maternal age, have increased in the last years. 

Aim: To describe the trend and characteristics of MM in Chile between 1990 and 2018. 

Material and Methods: MM rates were calculated using death records available at the website of the Department of Health Statistics of the Ministry of Health, using the codes 630 to 679 of the International Classification Diseases (ICD)-9 (630-679) and O00-O99 from ICD-10. Live births were obtained from vital statistics of the National Statistics Institute (INE). The age at the time of death and the causes were recorded. Polynomial and Prais-Winsten modelings were applied. 

Results: There were 1,728 maternal deaths with an overall rate for the period of 23 / 100,000 live births. An inflection of the trend was observed in 2003, with a decrease between 1990-2003 and an increase between 2004-2018. While in the 1990-2003 period all age groups decreased their rate, in 2004-2018 it increased significantly in the 20-34 age group. Concerning the causes, “other obstetric conditions not classified elsewhere” showed a steady upward trend, particularly the late maternal deaths or deaths from sequelae of obstetric causes (O96-O97). 

Conclusions: MM rates increased in Chile in recent years, mainly due to the increase in women aged 20 to 34 years and in causes referred to as “other obstetric conditions not classified elsewhere.” It is possible that changes in risk factors and in the registries could explain this increase.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_92,

title = {The effects of a combined intervention (docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and home-based dietary counseling) on metabolic control in obese and overweight pregnant women: the MIGHT study.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1016/j.ajog.2020.10.048},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-00-00},

urldate = {2021-00-00},

journal = {Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Casanello P, Flores M, Kusanovic JP, Uauy R. 

 

- Cómo citar: Casanello P, Flores M, Kusanovic JP, Uauy R. The effects of a combined intervention (docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and home-based dietary counseling) on metabolic control in obese and overweight pregnant women: the MIGHT study. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2021;S0002-9378(20):31278-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.10.048. PMID: 33152314. ISSN: 0002-9378. IF [JCR]: 10.693. Q1 

 

-Resumen: Background: Lifestyle interventions have shown limited effectiveness in the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus. The combination of lifestyle interventions with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation could have a synergetic effect on maternal and offspring outcomes. 

Objective: We evaluated the effects of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation among obese and overweight pregnant women (independently or combined with a dietary counseling intervention) on metabolic control in mothers and their offspring. Study design: This study was a randomized controlled trial with a 2×2 factorial design. The following inclusion criteria were used: <15 weeks of gestation; body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 at the first prenatal visit; singleton pregnancy; and 18 years of age or older. The recruited women (n=1002) were randomly allocated to 1 of the 4 parallel groups: Group 1: dietary counseling plus 800 mg/day of docosahexaenoic acid (n=250); Group 2: routine counseling plus 800 mg/day docosahexaenoic acid (n=252); Group 3: dietary counseling plus 200 mg/day docosahexaenoic acid (n=249); and Group 4: routine counseling plus 200 mg/day docosahexaenoic acid (n=251), considered as the reference group. The dietary intervention comprised 3 sessions, and it was focused on reducing the consumption of foods that most contributed to daily sugar intake. Primary outcomes were gestational diabetes mellitus defined according to the national guidelines; macrosomia (birthweight >4000 g); and neonatal insulin resistance (cord blood Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance ≥2.60), which was assessed in a subsample of 226 newborns. The analysis was by intention to treat and by efficacy. The trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02574767). 

Results: The overall incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus was 20.2% (Group 1, 21.0%; Group 2, 20.1%; Group 3, 18.9%; and Group 4, 20.9%). Mean birthweight was 3403.0 g (standard deviation, 575.3), and the incidence of macrosomia was 11.9% (Group 1, 13.2%; Group 2, 10.8%; Group 3, 11.5%; and Group 4, 12.1%). Median cord blood Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance was 0.9 (interquartile range, 0.6-1.7), and 10.2% showed cord blood insulin resistance (Group 1, 12.0%; Group 2, 12.0%; Group 3, 9.7%; and Group 4, 5.1%). No significant differences were found among groups regarding primary outcomes (P<.05). Glucose concentrations in the cord blood samples were lower in those adherents to the docosahexaenoic acid supplementation (P<.05). 

Conclusion: For women who were overweight or obese at the beginning of pregnancy, this combined intervention did not reduce the risk of gestational diabetes in mothers or macrosomia and insulin resistance in neonates.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_90,

title = {Trends and predictors of birth weight in Chilean children.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1016/j.puhe.2021.01.019},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-00-00},

urldate = {2021-00-00},

journal = {Public Health.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Mondschein S, Montiel B, Kusanovic JP. 

 

- Cómo citar: Mondschein S, Montiel B, Kusanovic JP. Trends and predictors of birth weight in Chilean children. Public Health. 2021;193:61-68. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.01.019. PMID: 33743215. ISSN: 0033-3506. IF [JCR]: 2.427. Q2 

 

-Resumen: Objectives: Birth weight is an important public health indicator that reflects fetal health conditions and predicts future health. Identifying the most important factors related to birth weight would help defining preventive health strategies for both mothers and children. The objectives of this study are i. to describe, using a large birth database from a Chilean hospital, the trend of birth weight during 2002-2015, and ii. to determine factors during prenatal care associated with low and high birth weight. Study design: This study is a secondary analysis of all single birth records at a Chilean Hospital in the southeast district of Santiago, Chile, during 2002-2015 (N = 78,931). 

Methods: Sociodemographic information, clinical and obstetric history, lifestyle, and anthropometric variables were evaluated as potential predictors. Birth weight was categorized into five groups as per percentiles of weight as per gestational age. Data were extracted from clinical records. We used classification and regression tree methodology and logistic regression. 

Results: The average birth weight for the period was 3316 g (SD 566), with little variation across time. Preterm births increased from 7% in 2002 to 10% in 2015, and births >40 weeks decreased from 10.7% in 2002 to 4.4% in 2015. The percentages of small and large for gestational age changed from 10.9% and 12.7% in 2002 to 9.9% and 13.9% in 2015, respectively. The predictors included in the optimal tree were body mass index, gestational weight gain, pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes. We found that women with a pregestational body mass index <28 kg/m2, gestational weight gain <17 kg, and preeclampsia had a probability of 41% of having a small for gestational age neonate. Conversely, women with a body mass index ≥28 kg/m2, gestational weight gain ≥17 kg, and gestational diabetes had a probability of 44% of having a large for gestational age neonate. 

Conclusions: This study showed that the most important variables explaining birth weight are those related to maternal nutritional status. Thus, the strategies to promote a normal birth weight should aim for a normal maternal weight at the beginning of pregnancy, gestational weight gain within the recommendations, and prevention of gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokeym,

title = {Academically oriented activity Breaks for first-grade chilean students: Development and Pilot testing effectiveness.},

author = {Camila Corvalán and María Luisa Garmendia and Alejandra Ortega},

doi = {10.1177/1090198120912189},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-00-00},

urldate = {2020-00-00},

journal = {Health Educ. Behav.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Kain J, Marambio P, Rojas J, Muñoz C, Leyton B. 

 - Cómo citar: Kain J, Ortega A, Marambio P, Rojas J, Muñoz C, Leyton B. Academically oriented activity Breaks for first-grade chilean students: Development and Pilot testing effectiveness. Health Educ. Behav. 2020;47(3):439-448. doi: 10.1177/1090198120912189. PMID: 32188283. ISSN: 1090-1981. IF [JCR]: 2.623. Q2 - Resumen: We developed and pilot tested the effectiveness of a physically active academic program, Active Breaks (AB), whose objective is to increase school time moderate/vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among first graders, through daily 15-minute bouts of MVPA, at the beginning of the first lesson. Initially, 240 cards including one game each were developed and tested in first-grade students from 16 schools in Santiago. Trained observers and school teachers assessed the time, ease, and feasibility of implementation for each card. Barriers and facilitators to implementation were obtained from semistructured interviews to 14 teachers (out of 16). In eight schools (n = 556 students), we compared school time MVPA (with accelerometers) at baseline and follow-up, using test of proportions. One-hundred and twenty cards (games) complied with all aspects. AB were implemented 50% of the time with a duration of 14 minutes (SD = 5). More than 90% of the time, teachers felt competent to conduct AB, and children understood the instructions and enjoyed the activity. The main facilitators included teachers liking physical activity and considering it important, support of principal and school staff, and conducting AB inside the classroom. Barriers included teacher’s workload and having to conduct AB during the first lesson. During the 4-month period of implementation, MVPA increased by 1.5 and 1.2 percentage points in boys and girls, respectively. The set of 120 cards is easy and feasible to implement. Moreover, preliminary results suggest they could be effective in increasing MVPA during school time, although studies with longer follow-ups are needed to assess the validity of these findings.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_100,

title = {Anthropometry, body shape in early-life and risk of premenopausal breast cancer among Latin American women: results from the PRECAMA study.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-59056-6},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-00-00},

urldate = {2020-00-00},

journal = {Sci Rep.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: His M, Biessy C, Torres-Mejía G, Ángeles-Llerenas A, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Sánchez GI, Borrero M, Porras C, Rodríguez AC, Olivier M, Porter PL, Lin MG, Gunter MJ, Romieu I, Rinaldi S, PRECAMA team. 

 

- Cómo citar: His M, Biessy C, Torres-Mejía G, Ángeles-Llerenas A, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Sánchez GI, Borrero M, Porras C, Rodríguez AC, Olivier M, Porter PL, Lin MG, Gunter MJ, Romieu I, Rinaldi S, PRECAMA team. Anthropometry, body shape in early-life and risk of premenopausal breast cancer among Latin American women: results from the PRECAMA study. Sci Rep. 2020;10:1-12. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59056-6. PMCID: PMC7010745. PMID: 32042008. ISSN: 2045-2322. IF [JCR]: 4.996. Q2 

 -Resumen: Cumulating evidence in Caucasian women suggests a positive association between height and premenopausal breast cancer risk and a negative association with overall adiposity; however data from Latin America are scarce. We investigated the associations between excess adiposity, body shape evolution across life, and risk of premenopausal breast cancer among 406 cases (women aged 20-45) and 406 matched population-based controls from Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, and Mexico. Negative associations between adult adiposity and breast cancer risk were observed in adjusted models (body mass index (BMI): Odds ratio (OR) per 1 kg/m2 = 0.93; 95% confidence interval = 0.89-0.96; waist circumference (WC): OR per 10 cm = 0.81 (0.69-0.96); hip circumference (HC): OR per 10 cm = 0.80 (0.67-0.95)). Height and leg length were not associated with risk. In normal weight women (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25), women with central obesity (WC > 88 cm) had an increased risk compared to women with normal WC (OR = 3.60(1.47-8.79)). Residuals of WC over BMI showed positive associations when adjusted for BMI (OR per 10 cm = 1.38 (0.98-1.94)). Body shape at younger ages and body shape evolution were not associated with risk. No heterogeneity was observed by receptor status. In this population of Latin American premenopausal women, different fat distributions in adulthood were differentially associated with risk of breast cancer.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_103,

title = {Effect of excessive gestational weight on daughters' breast density at the end of puberty onset.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia and Ana Pereira and Camila Corvalán},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-63260-9},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-00-00},

urldate = {2020-00-00},

journal = {Sci Rep.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: López A, Shepherd J, Michels K. 

 

- Cómo citar: López A, Shepherd J, Michels K. Effect of excessive gestational weight on daughters' breast density at the end of puberty onset. Sci Rep. 2020;10:6636. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63260-9. PMCID: PMC7171116. PMID: 32313106. ISSN: 2045-2322. IF [JCR]: 4.996. Q1 

 -Resumen: The effect of excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) is related to adverse health outcomes in the offspring; however, its effect on the daughters’ breast density is unclear. We aimed to assess the association between EGWG and daughters’ breast composition (% of fibroglandular volume (%FGV) and absolute fibroglandular volume (AFGV)) at Tanner stage 4 (Tanner B4)). We included 341 girls and their mothers from an ongoing cohort of low-income Chilean girls born from 2002–2003. Maternal gestational weight gain was self-reported in 2007, and breast density by digital mammography was measured in 2010. Weight, height and breast composition by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were measured in daughters at Tanner B4. Logistic regression models were run to assess the association between EGWG and the 80th percentile of %FGV and AFGV. Mean gestational weight gain was 13.7 kg (SD = 6.9 kg). Women with pregestational overweight or obesity exceeded the recommended gestational weight gain (58.8% vs. 31.8%, respectively). Daughters of women who had EGWG had higher levels of AFGV (OR: 2.02; 95%CI 1.16–3.53) at Tanner B4, which could be explained by metabolic and hormonal exposure in utero. However, we did not observe an association with %FGV.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_94,

title = {Effectiveness of a normative nutrition intervention in Chilean pregnant women on maternal and neonatal outcomes: the CHiMINCs study.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia and Camila Corvalán},

doi = {10.1093/ajcn/nqaa185},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-00-00},

urldate = {2020-00-00},

journal = {Am. J. Clin. Nutr.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Marcela A, Casanello P, Kusanovic JP, Uauy R. 

 

- Cómo citar: Marcela A, Casanello P, Kusanovic JP, Uauy R. Effectiveness of a normative nutrition intervention in Chilean pregnant women on maternal and neonatal outcomes: the CHiMINCs study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2020; 112(4):991-1001. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa185. PMID: 32692805. ISSN: 0002-9165. IF [JCR]: 8.475. Q1 

 

-Resumen: Background: Some nutritional interventions have shown their efficacy in reducing gestational weight gain (GWG); however, their applicability in routine care is limited. 

Objective: We assessed the effectiveness of a low-intensity and high-coverage nutritional intervention on maternal and offspring outcomes; the intervention enhanced existing nutritional health care standards and practices at the primary health care level in Chile. Methods: This study was a cluster-randomized controlled trial of 12 primary health care centers (PHCCs) from Santiago, Chile. PHCCs were randomly allocated to either nutritional intervention [intervention group (IG)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_101,

title = {Evaluation of the Stability of Fatty Acids in Erythrocytes from Human Umbilical Cord.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1002/lipd.12211},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-00-00},

urldate = {2020-00-00},

journal = {Lipids.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Jaramillo AM, Muñoz P, Corbari A, Valenzuela R, Casanello P. 

 

- Cómo citar: Jaramillo AM, Muñoz P, Corbari A, Valenzuela R, Casanello P. Evaluation of the Stability of Fatty Acids in Erythrocytes from Human Umbilical Cord. Lipids. 2020;55:53-62. doi: 10.1002/lipd.12211. PMID: 31943229. ISSN: 0024-4201. IF [JCR]: 1.646. Q4 

 

-Resumen: The interest in the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the umbilical cord blood (UCB) is increasing, but the stability of erythrocyte PUFA in these samples during storage and washing of the erythrocytes has not been directly evaluated. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the lapse of time on the fatty acid (FA) content from UCB sample collection and maintained at 4 °C (0–12 h) until erythrocyte separation and washing. Palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), 18:1n-7/n-9, linoleic acid (18:2n-6), arachidonic acid (20:4n-6), 22:4n-6, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) together accounted for 87% of the FA profile in the umbilical vein erythrocytes. No difference was observed in the concentration of any of the FA studied, nor in the sum of saturated fatty acids (SFA), PUFA, or LC-PUFA in umbilical erythrocytes obtained at delivery and stored up to 12 h before the separation of erythrocytes. However, if a washing step was included in the processing of the erythrocytes, a decrease in the concentration of 16:0, 18:0, 18:3n-3, 20:4n-6, 22:4n-6, total SFA, PUFA, LC-PUFA, and n-6 LC-PUFA was evidenced, compared to unwashed erythrocytes. The FA concentration in umbilical cord erythrocytes did not change between samples stored from 0 to 12 h until erythrocyte separation. Erythrocyte washing before storage decreased the concentration of significant individual and total SFA, PUFA, and LC-PUFA. These results should be considered when planning the collection of UCB samples for the study of fatty acid concentration due to the nonscheduled timing of deliveries.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokeyj,

title = {Immunoglobulins concentration and B cell counts as severity markers in adult community-acquired pneumonia: Cross sectional study.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1097/MD.0000000000022390},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-00-00},

urldate = {2020-00-00},

journal = {Medicine (Baltimore).},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Luchsinger V, Lizama L, Tempio F, Ruiz M, Pizarro R, Rossi P, Huenchur L, Moreno C, López M, Ampuero S, Larrañaga C, Avendaño LF. 

 - Cómo citar: Luchsinger V, Lizama L, Tempio F, Ruiz M, Pizarro R, Rossi P, Huenchur L, Moreno C, López M, Ampuero S, Larrañaga C, Avendaño LF. Immunoglobulins concentration and B cell counts as severity markers in adult community-acquired pneumonia: Cross sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99(45):e22390. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000022390. PMID: 33157914. PMCID: PMC7647610 ISSN: 0025-7974. IF [JCR]: 1.889. Q3 - Resumen: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a worldwide cause of morbidity and mortality. Immunoglobulins (Igs) and B cells quantification studies in CAP are few and show discrepancies. Serum IgA acts as a powerful natural anti-inflammatory factor, but its role in the CAP has not yet been defined. The highly sensitive xMAP Luminex technique allows better immunoglobulins quantification. The aim of this study was to analyze the relation between clinical severity and circulating Igs and B cells in adults with CAP.Igs (M, A, G1, G2, G3, and G4) and B cells were quantified in peripheral blood of 190 Chilean patients ≥18 years old hospitalized for CAP and in 21 adults without respiratory disease, using xMAP Luminex and flow cytometry, respectively. Clinical history was recorded and PSI and CURB-65 scores were calculated for evaluation of clinical severity.The total IgM, IgG2 and total IgG levels were lower in CAP than in asymptomatic adults (P < .05). No significant differences of Igs levels were found between patients classified as severe and mild by PSI and CURB-65 scores. Fatal cases had higher levels of IgA (P < .05). No differences in CD19 B cells frequency was found between CAP and asymptomatic adults (P = .40). In PSI severe cases, CD19 B cells were significantly lower than in mild cases (P = .008). No differences were found in CURB-65 severe and mild groups (P = .11). In fatal cases (11/82) group, CD19 B cells frequency was lower than in 71 survivors (P = .2). No differences in memory B lymphocytes were detected between asymptomatic and CAP adults, severe and mild patients, survivors and fatal cases (P > .05).Serum IgA levels were significantly higher in fatal CAP cases, raising it as a potential biomarker for severe disease considering its relatively universal availability. In PSI severe patients, B cells showed lower levels and could have a role on its physiopathology. Finding new markers rooted in physiopathology could improve the possibility of scoring severe CAP cases. Luminex technology showed promising quantification serum Igs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_95,

title = {Trends and predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus in Chile.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1002/ijgo.13023},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-00-00},

urldate = {2020-00-00},

journal = {Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Mondschein S, Montiel B, Kusanovic JP. 

 

- Cómo citar: Mondschein S, Montiel B, Kusanovic JP. Trends and predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus in Chile. Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2020; 148(2):210-218. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13023. PMID: 31671205. ISSN: 0020-7292. IF [JCR]: 4.447. Q1 

 

-Resumen: Objective: To examine the temporal trends in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence in Chile, and to determine the main predictors of GDM. 

Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted of all birth records at Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Chile, from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2015. We excluded those women with pre-existing type 2 diabetes, those with missing data, and those with unlikely data. GDM was defined as fasting glucose levels >5.55 mmol/L [>100 mg/dL] or >7.77 mmol/L [>140 mg/dL] 2 hours after glucose load in the oral glucose tolerance test. Potential predictors were selected based on prior research and ease of evaluation. 

Results: From the original database of 100 758 records, 86 362 women were included in the final cohort. The mean GDM prevalence was 7.6% (95% CI [confidence interval] 7.5%-7.8%), increasing from 4.4% (95% CI 4.0%-4.9%) in 2002 to 13.0% (95% CI 12.0%-13.9%) in 2015. Age, education, marital status, parity, family history of type 2 diabetes, personal history of GDM, hypertension and pre-eclampsia, alcohol consumption, smoking, and pre-gestational nutritional status performed well in the prediction of GDM. 

Conclusion: One out of eight Chilean pregnant women of medium- to low socio-economic status were found to develop GDM. We identified a set of easy-to-capture predictors in the primary health care system that may allow for the early identification of women at high-risk for the development of GDM.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokeys,

title = {Development of the Chilean front-of-package food warning label.},

author = {Camila Corvalán and María Luisa Garmendia and Marcela Reyes},

doi = {10.1186/s12889-019-7118-1},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-00-00},

urldate = {2019-00-00},

journal = {BMC Public Health.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Olivares S, Aqueveque C, Zacarías I. 

 

- Cómo citar: Olivares S, Aqueveque C, Zacarías I. Development of the Chilean front-of-package food warning label. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):906. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7118-1. PMID: 31286910 / PMCID: PMC6615240. ISSN: 1471-2458. IF [JCR]: 3.295. Q2 

 

- Resumen: Background: Front-of package (FoP) nutrition labels are an option to guide consumer's decision at the point of food purchase. Chile was the first country worldwide to implement a FoP warning label and thereafter several countries have followed this model. The objective of this study is to describe the process of development of the Chilean FoP warning label. 

Methods: A stepwise study was conducted including literature review, qualitative phase (lay audience & expert group meetings) and quantitative phase in women/adolescents from low-middle-socioeconomic status neighborhoods, Santiago, Chile (2 sub-studies, using point-of-sale questionnaires). Outcomes were prototype visualization, ease of understanding, and ability to modify purchase behavior. 

Results: The literature review and qualitative phase provided information on general text (e.g. short wording) and design characteristics (e.g. use of a logo, use of red or black colors); based on these characteristics 15 prototypes were created and quantitatively tested. In the first survey, a black-&-white stop sign and a black-&-white hand were preselected; in the second survey, the stop sign stating 'Excess of <nutrient>' had significantly better performance than the hand in terms of visualization, intention to purchase, and ability to modify intended purchase. Due to legal reasons the "excess of" was replaced by "high-in" in the final implementation of the law. 

Conclusions: A simple black-&-white stop sign warning label was the best option to flag pre-packaged foods with an excess of energy or nutrients of concern for non-communicable diseases; this FoP warning label was implemented in Chile in June 2016 as part of the Chilean Food Labeling and Marketing Law.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_127,

title = {Effectiveness of an intervention of dietary counseling for overweight and obese pregnant women in the consumption of sugars and energy.},

author = {Marcela Reyes and María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.3390/nu11020385},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-00-00},

urldate = {2019-00-00},

journal = {Nutrientes.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Anleu E, Araya M, Flores M, Uauy R. 

 

- Cómo citar: Anleu E, Araya M, Flores M, Uauy R. Effectiveness of an intervention of dietary counseling for overweight and obese pregnant women in the consumption of sugars and energy. Nutrients. 2019;11(2):385-400. doi: 10.3390/nu11020385. PMID: 30781781. ISSN: 2072-6643. IF [JCR]: 6.706. Q1 

 

-Resumen: Objective: Evaluate if an intervention based on nutritional counseling decreases total sugars and energy consumption in overweight and obese pregnant women, compared to their previous consumption and compared to women who only received routine counseling. Methods: Randomized study of two groups: dietary counseling (Intervention Group: IG) and routine counseling (Control Group: CG). The intervention consisted of three educational sessions focused on decreasing intake of foods that most contribute to sugars consumption. Changes in sugars and energy consumption were evaluated by a food frequency questionnaire before and after the intervention. Results: We evaluated 433 pregnant women, 272 in IG and 161 in CG, who before intervention had a mean consumption of 140 g total sugars and 2134 kcal energy per day. At the end of the intervention, the IG showed 15 g/day lower consumption of total sugars (95% CI: −25 and −5 g/day), 2% less total energy from sugars (95% CI: −3% and −1% g/day), and 125 kcal/day less energy than the CG (95% CI: −239 and −10 kcal/day). Table sugar, sweets, and soft drinks had the greatest reduction in consumption. Conclusions: The intervention focused on counseling on the decrease in consumption of the foods that most contribute to sugars consumption in overweight and obese pregnant women was effective in decreasing total sugars and energy consumption, mainly in the food groups high in sugars. Future studies should examine if this intervention has an effect on maternal and fetal outcomes.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_123,

title = {Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer: Developing Evidence-Based Recommendations to Reduce the Risk of Cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1200/JGO.19.00032},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-00-00},

urldate = {2019-00-00},

journal = {J. Glob. Oncol.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Cazap E, de Almeida LM, Arrossi S, García PJ, Gil E, Hassel T, Mayorga R, Mohar A, Murillo R, Owen G, Paonessa D, Santamaría J, Tortolero-Luna G, Zoss W, Herrero R, Luciani S, Schüz J, Espina C. 

 

- Cómo citar: Cazap E, de Almeida LM, Arrossi S, García PJ, Gil E, Hassel T, Mayorga R, Mohar A, Murillo R, Owen G, Paonessa D, Santamaría J, Tortolero-Luna G, Zoss W, Herrero R, Luciani S, Schüz J, Espina C. Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer: Developing Evidence-Based Recommendations to Reduce the Risk of Cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean. J. Glob. Oncol. 2019;5:1-3. doi: 10.1200/JGO.19.00032. PMID: 31246551. ISSN: 2378-9506. IF [JCI]: 0.45. Q4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_112,

title = {Molecular features of premenopausal breast cancers in Latin American women: Pilot results from the PRECAMA study.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0210372},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-00-00},

urldate = {2019-00-00},

journal = {PLoS One.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Olivier M, Bouaoun L, Villar S, Robitaille A, Cahais V, Heguy A, Byrnes G, Le Calvez-Kelm F, Torres-Mejía G, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Imani-Razavi FS, Inés Sánchez G, Jaramillo R, Porras C, Rodriguez AC, Soto JL, Romieu I, Porter P, Guenthoer J, Rinaldi S, PRECAMA team. 

 

- Cómo citar: Olivier M, Bouaoun L, Villar S, Robitaille A, Cahais V, Heguy A, Byrnes G, Le Calvez-Kelm F, Torres-Mejía G, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Imani-Razavi FS, Inés Sánchez G, Jaramillo R, Porras C, Rodriguez AC, Soto JL, Romieu I, Porter P, Guenthoer J, Rinaldi S, PRECAMA team. Molecular features of premenopausal breast cancers in Latin American women: Pilot results from the PRECAMA study. PLoS One. 2019; 14(1):e0210372. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210372. PMID: 30653559. PMCID: PMC6336331. ISSN: 1932-6203. IF [JCR]: 3.752. Q2 

 

-Resumen: Background: In Latin America (LA), there is a high incidence rate of breast cancer (BC) in premenopausal women, and the genomic features of these BC remain unknown. Here, we aim to characterize the molecular features of BC in young LA women within the framework of the PRECAMA study, a multicenter population-based case-control study of BC in premenopausal women. 

Methods: Pathological tumor tissues were collected from incident cases from four LA countries. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed centrally for ER, PR, HER2, Ki67, EGFR, CK5/6, and p53 protein markers. Targeted deep sequencing was done on genomic DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissues and their paired blood samples to screen for somatic mutations in eight genes frequently mutated in BC. A subset of samples was analyzed by exome sequencing to identify somatic mutational signatures. 

Results: The majority of cases were positive for ER or PR (168/233; 72%), and 21% were triple-negative (TN), mainly of basal type. Most tumors were positive for Ki67 (189/233; 81%). In 126 sequenced cases, TP53 and PIK3CA were the most frequently mutated genes (32.5% and 21.4%, respectively), followed by AKT1 (9.5%). TP53 mutations were more frequent in HER2-enriched and TN IHC subtypes, whereas PIK3CA/AKT1 mutations were more frequent in ER-positive tumors, as expected. Interestingly, a higher proportion of G:C>T:A mutations was observed in TP53 in PRECAMA cases compared with TCGA and METABRIC BC series (27% vs 14%). Exome-wide mutational patterns in 10 TN cases revealed alterations in signal transduction pathways and major contributions of mutational signatures caused by altered DNA repair pathways. 

Conclusions: These pilot results on PRECAMA tumors give a preview of the molecular features of premenopausal BC in LA. Although the overall mutation burden was as expected from data in other populations, mutational patterns observed in TP53 and exome-wide suggested possible differences in mutagenic processes giving rise to these tumors compared with other populations. Further -omics analyses of a larger number of cases in the near future will enable the investigation of relationships between these molecular features and risk factors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_111,

title = {Structural responses to the obesity and non-communicable diseases epidemic: Update on the Chilean law of food labelling and advertising.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia and Camila Corvalán and Marcela Reyes},

doi = {10.1111/obr.12802},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-00-00},

urldate = {2019-00-00},

journal = {Obes. Rev.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Uauy R. 

 

- Cómo citar: Uauy R. Structural responses to the obesity and non-communicable diseases epidemic: Update on the Chilean law of food labelling and advertising. Obes. Rev. 2019; 20(3):367-374. doi: 10.1111/obr.12802. PMID: 30549191. ISSN: 1467-7881. IF [JCR]: 10.867. Q1 

 

-Resumen: Chile approved the law of food labelling and advertising in 2012; this law aims to address the obesity epidemic, particularly in children. The implementation details were published in 2015, and the law was implemented finally in 2016, as described in the current article. Regulated foods were defined based on a specially developed nutrient profiling, which considered natural foods as gold standard. For liquid foods, amounts of energy, sugars, saturated fats, and sodium in 100 mL of cow's milk were used as cut-offs. For solid foods, values within the 90th - 99th percentile range for energy and critical nutrients were selected as cut-off within a list of natural foods. A stop sign stating “High in <nutrient>” was chosen as warning label for packaged regulated foods. Regulated foods were also forbidden to be sold or offered for free at kiosks, cafeterias, and feeding programme at schools and nurseries. Besides, regulated foods cannot be promoted to children under 14 years. A staggered implementation of the regulation was decided, with nutrients cut-offs becoming increasingly stricter over a 3-year period. These regulatory efforts are in the right direction but will have to be sustained and complemented with other actions to achieve their ultimate impact of halting the obesity epidemic.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_114,

title = {Project profile: a multicenter study on breast cancer in young women in Latin America (PRECAMA study).},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.21149/10466},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-00-00},

urldate = {2019-00-00},

journal = {Salud Publica Mexico.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Romieu I, Biessy C, Carayol M, Torres-Mejía G, Ángeles-Llerenas A, Sánchez GI, Borrero M, Ossa CA, Porras C, Rodríguez AC, Ocampo Rebecca, Bustamante E, Olivier M, Porter P, Rinaldi S. 

 

- Cómo citar: Romieu I, Biessy C, Carayol M, Torres-Mejía G, Ángeles-Llerenas A, Sánchez GI, Borrero M, Ossa CA, Porras C, Rodríguez AC, Ocampo Rebecca, Bustamante E, Olivier M, Porter P, Rinaldi S. Project profile: a multicenter study on breast cancer in young women in Latin America (PRECAMA study). Salud Publica Mexico. 2019;61:601-608. doi: 10.21149/10466 PMID: 31661737 ISSN: 0036-3634. IF [JCR]: 2.259. Q3 

 

-Resumen: Objective: To describe the rationale and the methodology of a multicenter project to study the etiology of breast cancer in young Latin American women. 

Materials and methods: The International Agency for Research on Cancer has established an international collaborative population-based case-control study in four countries in Latin America: Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, and Mexico (the PRECAMA study). Standardized methodologies were developed to collect information on reproductive variables, lifestyle, anthropometry, diet, clinical and pathological data, and biological specimens. The study will be extended to other countries in the region. 

Conclusions: PRECAMA is unique in its multidisciplinary approach that combines genetics, genomics, and metabolomics with lifestyle factors. Then data generated through this project will be instrumental to identify major risk factors for molecular subtypes of breast cancer in young women, which will be important for pre- vention and targeted screening programs in Latin America.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}