Dra. Camila Corvalán

@article{nokey_232,

title = {Need to address all forms of childhood malnutrition with a common agenda.},

author = {Camila Corvalán},

doi = {10.1136/adc.2007.132589},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-00-00},

urldate = {2008-00-00},

journal = {Arch. Dis. Child.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Dangour AD, Uauy R. 

 

- Cómo citar: Dangour AD, Uauy R. Need to address all forms of childhood malnutrition with a common agenda. Arch. Dis. Child. 2008;93(5):361-362. doi: 10.1136/adc.2007.132589. PMID: 18426929. ISSN: 0003-9888. IF [JCR]: 4.973. Q1},

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@article{nokey_230,

title = {Nutrition, child growth, and chronic disease prevention.},

author = {Camila Corvalán},

doi = {10.1080/07853890701704683},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-00-00},

urldate = {2008-00-00},

journal = {Ann. Med.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Uauy R, Kain J, Mericq V, Rojas J. 

 

- Cómo citar: Uauy R, Kain J, Mericq V, Rojas J. Nutrition, child growth, and chronic disease prevention. Ann. Med. 2008;40(1):11-20. doi: 10.1080/07853890701704683. PMID: 18246473. ISSN: 0785-3890. IF [JCR]: 5.348. Q2 

 

-Resumen: Countries undergoing the nutrition transition are experiencing a progressive increase in obesity and nutrition‐related chronic diseases (NRCDs). In transitional countries, stunting (shortness for age) and micronutrient deficiencies (iron, vitamin A, and zinc) in children coexist with obesity and NRCDs originating the double burden of nutritional disease. The causal web for obesity and NRCDs is complex and multifaceted; changes in diet and physical activity of the population are likely the main concurrent determinant factors. However, recent evidence suggests that specific patterns of prenatal and postnatal growth are also potential contributors. Evidence indicates that intervention strategies to prevent malnutrition should emphasize improvements in linear growth in the first 2–3 years of life rather than aim at gaining weight. Avoiding excessive weight gain relative to height gain (BMI) is especially relevant after the first 2 years of life. Routine assessment of child growth based on the new World Health Organization (WHO) standard, defining energy needs based on the recent Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO)/WHO norms, and providing critical micronutrients to support lean mass growth are critical to prevent obesity and NRCDs starting early in the life course. These actions should contribute in the prevention and control of obesity in childhood and thus help prevent NRCDs in future generations of adults.},

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@article{nokey_229,

title = {Reductions in the energy content of meals served in the Chilean National Nursery School Council Program did not consistently decrease obesity among beneficiaries.},

author = {Camila Corvalán},

doi = {10.1093/jn/138.11.2237},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-00-00},

urldate = {2008-00-00},

journal = {J. Nutr.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Uauy R, Flores R, Kleinbaum D, Martorell R. 

 

- Cómo citar: Uauy R, Flores R, Kleinbaum D, Martorell R. Reductions in the energy content of meals served in the Chilean National Nursery School Council Program did not consistently decrease obesity among beneficiaries. J. Nutr. 2008;138(11):2237-2243. doi: 10.1093/jn/138.11.2237. PMID: 18936225. ISSN: 0022-3166. IF [JCR]: 4.687. Q2 

 -Resumen: In 2001, the Chilean National Nursery Schools Council Program reduced by 10% the energy content (∼418.7 kJ) of meals served to children to reduce obesity. We assessed the impact of this measure on obesity and stunting among beneficiaries 2–5 y old. The energy reduction was staggered over 3 y, allowing for a quasi-experimental design involving early (2001), mid (2002), and late (2003) intervention groups. Routine anthropometric measurements (∼64,000/y) taken from 1996–2005 were obtained from registries; obesity (BMI-for-age Z-score ≥2 SD) and stunting (height-for-age Z-score ≤2 SD) were defined using the 2006 growth standards. Segmented regression analyses were conducted by intervention group to contrast pre- and postintervention trends. Overall, obesity was high (15.9%), with levels consistently higher in fall and winter as reported in other studies. Preintervention obesity trends increased in the early group (P = 0.001) but decreased in the late intervention group (P = 0.02). The impact of the energy reduction on obesity was inconsistent, with reductions in the early group (P < 0.01) but with no change in mid and late intervention groups (P > 0.05). Stunting prevalence was almost as low as in the growth standard (3.2 vs. 2.3%) and decreased preintervention in all groups (P < 0.05). Stunting prevalence increased postintervention (P < 0.05) in all but the late intervention group, where there was no change. Despite a robust design and the ability to detect small seasonal changes in obesity, our analyses showed that the 10% energy reduction did not consistently decrease obesity. The intervention may have slowed improvements in linear growth, but concern is tempered by the near absence of growth failure.},

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@article{nokey_235,

title = {Size at birth, infant, early and later childhood growth and adult body composition: a prospective study in a stunted population.},

author = {Camila Corvalán},

doi = {10.1093/ije/dym010},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-00-00},

urldate = {2007-00-00},

journal = {Int. J. Epidemiol.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Gregory CO, Ramirez-Zea M, Martorell R, Stein AD. 

 

- Cómo citar: Gregory CO, Ramirez-Zea M, Martorell R, Stein AD. Size at birth, infant, early and later childhood growth and adult body composition: a prospective study in a stunted population. Int. J. Epidemiol. 2007;36(3):550-557. doi: 10.1093/ije/dym010. PMID: 17376801. ISSN: 0300-5771. IF [JCR]: 9.685. Q1 

 

-Resumen: Background: Pre-natal and post-natal growth are associated with adult body composition, but the relative importance of growth in different periods of childhood is still unclear, particularly in stunted populations. 

Methods: We studied 358 women and 352 men measured as children in 1969-77 in four villages in Guatemala, and re-measured as adults in 2002-04 (mean age 32.7 years). We determined the associations of body mass index (BMI) and length at birth, and changes in BMI and length during infancy (0-1.0 year) and early (1.0-3.0 years) and later (3.0-7.0 years) childhood, with adult BMI ((a)BMI), percentage of body fat ((a)PBF), abdominal circumference ((a)AC) and fat-free mass ((a)FFM). 

Results: Prevalence of stunting was high (64% at 3 years; HAZ < -2SD). Obesity (WHZ > 2SD) prevalence in childhood was <2%, while overweight prevalence in adulthood was 52%. BMI at birth was positively associated with (a)BMI and (a)FFM while length at birth was positively associated with (a)AC and (a)FFM. Increased BMI in infancy and later childhood were positively associated with all four adult body composition measures; associations in later childhood with fatness and abdominal fatness were stronger than those with (a)FFM. Change in length during infancy and early childhood was positively associated with all four adult body composition outcomes; the associations with (a)FFM were stronger than those with fat mass. 

Conclusions: Increases in BMI between 3.0 and 7.0 years had stronger associations with adult fat mass and abdominal fat than with (a)FFM; increases in length prior to age 3.0 years were most strongly associated with increases in (a)FFM.},

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@article{nokey_237,

title = {Prevention and control of obesity in preschool children: importance of normative standards.},

author = {Camila Corvalán},

doi = {10.1097/01.mpg.0000255848.84658.52},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-00-00},

urldate = {2006-00-00},

journal = {J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Uauy R, Rojas J, Lera L, Kain J. 

 

- Cómo citar: Uauy R, Rojas J, Lera L, Kain J. Prevention and control of obesity in preschool children: importance of normative standards. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 2006;43 Suppl 3:S26-37. doi: 10.1097/01.mpg.0000255848.84658.52. PMID: 17204976. ISSN: 0277-2116. IF [JCR]: 3.288. Q2 

 

-Resumen:},

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@article{nokey_50,

title = {Socioeconomic risk factors for asthma in Chilean young adults.},

author = {Camila Corvalán},

doi = {10.2105/AJPH.2004.048967},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-00-00},

urldate = {2005-00-00},

journal = {Am. J. Public Health.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Amigo H, Bustos P, Rona RJ. 

- Cómo citar: Amigo H, Bustos P, Rona RJ. Socioeconomic risk factors for asthma in Chilean young adults. Am. J. Public Health. 2005;95(8):1375-1381. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.048967. PMID: 15985644 / PMCID: PMC1449369. ISSN: 0090-0036. IF [JCR]: 9.308. Q1 

- Resumen: Objectives: We studied the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and asthma symptoms, severity of asthma, atopy, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to methacholine. 

Methods: We studied 1232 men and women born between 1974 and 1978 in a semirural area of Chile. We assessed asthma symptoms with a standardized questionnaire, atopy with a skin-prick test to 8 allergens, and BHR to methacholine with the tidal breathing method. SES was derived from several indicators: education, occupation, completion of a welfare form, belongings, housing, number of siblings, and overcrowding. 

Results: Those with fewer belongings had more asthma symptoms. Those who had higher education and those who owned cars had fewer asthma symptoms and BHR. Overcrowding was negatively related to atopy, atopy with asthma symptoms, and BHR. Higher education and noncompletion of a welfare form were risk factors for atopy. 

Conclusion: The strength and direction of the association between asthma and SES depended on what definition of asthma was analyzed. Asthma symptoms were more common among poor people. There was some support for the hygiene hypothesis, as overcrowding was associated with less wheezing with atopy, less atopy, and less BHR.},

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