Publicaciones académicas

@article{nokey_238,

title = {Factores de riesgo familiar asociados al consumo de drogas ilícitas en población escolar de Chile.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-00-00},

urldate = {2006-00-00},

journal = {Cuadernos Médico Sociales.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Osorio M, Caris L, Villegas R. 

 

- Cómo citar: 

 

-Resumen:},

keywords = {   Otros.    /   },

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_48,

title = {Intervención nutricional en prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares: El caso de Noruega [Nutritional intervention in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases: the case of norway].},

author = {Marcela Reyes},

doi = {10.4067/S0717-75182006000500002},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-00-00},

urldate = {2006-00-00},

journal = {Rev. Chil. Nutr.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Atalah E. 

 

- Cómo citar: Atalah E. Intervención nutricional en prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares: El caso de Noruega [Nutritional intervention in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases: the case of norway]. Rev. Chil. Nutr. 2006;33(3):464-472. doi: 10.4067/S0717-75182006000500002. N/A ISSN: 0716-1549. IF [JCI]: 0.12. Q4 

 

- Resumen: A high mortality for cardiovascular diseases in Norway was directly related to economic prosperity and food abundance that characterized the years after the Second World War. The country identified the problem and efficient measures were undertaken to fight it through regulations on food production, distribution, price and advertising. These actions resulted in a dramatic reduction of this serious public health problem. Other countries should benefit from the Norwegian example and implement similar policies},

keywords = {   L1: Dieta, Entornos Alimentarios y Políticas Públicas en Nutrición.    /   },

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_49,

title = {Percepción de conductas abusivas en estudiantes de medicina [Perception of abuse among medical students of the University of Chile].},

author = {Ana Pereira},

doi = {10.4067/S0034-98872006001200004},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-00-00},

urldate = {2006-00-00},

journal = {Rev. Medica Chile.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Maida A, Herskovic V, Salinas-Fernández L, Esquivel CC. 

 

- Cómo citar: Maida A, Herskovic V, Salinas-Fernández L, Esquivel CC. Percepción de conductas abusivas en estudiantes de medicina [Perception of abuse among medical students of the University of Chile]. Rev. Medica Chile. 2006;134(12): p. 1516-23. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872006001200004. PMID: 17277867. ISSN: 0034-9887. IF [JCR]: 0.553. Q4 

 

- Resumen: Background:Even though studying Medicine and perceiving abuse seem to be two opposite situations, recent investigations in Chile and abroad find that this is a frequent and pervasive combination. These studies also report the negative effects in the lives of students as well as the impact on the profession as a whole. Aim: To ascertain the perception of abusive situations in medical students during training at the University of Chile. Material and Methods: Descriptive and cross sectional study in which a questionnaire was applied to all the students enrolled in 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 7th year during 2001 and 2002. Using short vignettes, they were asked if they had experienced verbal, psychological, physical and sexual abuse, at least once, during their training, by whom and the eventual effects derived from it. Results: We obtained 757 questionnaires. Of the surveyed students, 91% reported having perceived at least one abusive episode during training. Teachers and fellow students were identified as the main offenders. Among the effects of such behavior, 32% mentioned that they considered dropping out of the career as a consequence of this experience. Discussion: The perception of abuse in medical students is common and has adverse effects. Efforts should be made to draw attention to this problem to prevent it.},

keywords = {   Otros.    /   },

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_239,

title = {Pesquisa precoz de nefropatía diabética en niños y adolescentes portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 [Early detection of diabetic nephropathy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus].},

author = {Ana Pereira},

doi = {10.4067/S0370-41062005000300003},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-00-00},

urldate = {2005-00-00},

journal = {Rev. Chil. Pediatr.-Chile.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Gallardo V, Ugarte F, Barrera A, Godoy C, Eblen E. 

 

- Cómo citar: Gallardo V, Ugarte F, Barrera A, Godoy C, Eblen E. Pesquisa precoz de nefropatía diabética en niños y adolescentes portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 [Early detection of diabetic nephropathy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus]. Rev. Chil. Pediatr.-Chile. 2005;76(3):252-258. doi: 10.4067/S0370-41062005000300003. N/A ISSN: 0370-4106. IF [JCI]: 0.22. Q4 

 

-Resumen: Introducción: La nefropatía diabética se iniciaría precozmente, luego del debut de DM-1 y se han descrito factores de riesgo asociados a su progresión como años de evolución, mal control metabólico, pubertad e hipertensión arterial. Objetivo: Evaluar parámetros de compromiso renal precoz en pacientes con DM-1 y asociarlos con los factores de riesgo mencionados. Método: Se estudiaron prospectivamente pacientes con DM-1, con microalbuminura y creatininuria aislada matinal (índice microalbuminuria/creatininuria ACR), creatinina plasmática, clearance de creatinina, ecografía renal, hemoglobina glicosilada A1c (HbA1c) actual y promedio de años anteriores, microalbuminurias previas, edad al debut, años de evolución, estadío puberal y presión arterial. Resultados: Se evaluaron 44 DM-1 20 varones, edad promedio 11,68 ± 3,01 años, y 3,8 ± 2,84 años de evolución. Al analizar el control metabólico mediante HbA1c, el promedio fue de 9,1 ± 1,9%. La hiperfiltración se observó en 7 pacientes (15,9%) y nefromegalia en 25% de los pacientes que se les realizó ecografía renal. Ocho pacientes (18,2%) tuvieron ACR elevado y los prepúberes que presentan ACR elevado (25%) tienen su debut a menor edad. No existió correlación entre las variables control metabólico, hiperfiltración y nefromegalia con las demás variables estudiadas. Conclusiones: La microalbuminuria determinada por ACR está presente en el 18,2% de los pacientes, siendo más frecuente en los prepúberes y la menor edad al debut sería un factor de riesgo para desarrollarla.},

keywords = {   L3: Ventanas Críticas del Desarrollo: Adolescencia.    /   },

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_50,

title = {Socioeconomic risk factors for asthma in Chilean young adults.},

author = {Camila Corvalán},

doi = {10.2105/AJPH.2004.048967},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-00-00},

urldate = {2005-00-00},

journal = {Am. J. Public Health.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Amigo H, Bustos P, Rona RJ. 

- Cómo citar: Amigo H, Bustos P, Rona RJ. Socioeconomic risk factors for asthma in Chilean young adults. Am. J. Public Health. 2005;95(8):1375-1381. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.048967. PMID: 15985644 / PMCID: PMC1449369. ISSN: 0090-0036. IF [JCR]: 9.308. Q1 

- Resumen: Objectives: We studied the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and asthma symptoms, severity of asthma, atopy, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to methacholine. 

Methods: We studied 1232 men and women born between 1974 and 1978 in a semirural area of Chile. We assessed asthma symptoms with a standardized questionnaire, atopy with a skin-prick test to 8 allergens, and BHR to methacholine with the tidal breathing method. SES was derived from several indicators: education, occupation, completion of a welfare form, belongings, housing, number of siblings, and overcrowding. 

Results: Those with fewer belongings had more asthma symptoms. Those who had higher education and those who owned cars had fewer asthma symptoms and BHR. Overcrowding was negatively related to atopy, atopy with asthma symptoms, and BHR. Higher education and noncompletion of a welfare form were risk factors for atopy. 

Conclusion: The strength and direction of the association between asthma and SES depended on what definition of asthma was analyzed. Asthma symptoms were more common among poor people. There was some support for the hygiene hypothesis, as overcrowding was associated with less wheezing with atopy, less atopy, and less BHR.},

keywords = {   Otros.    /   },

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_51,

title = {Seropervalencia de la infección por virus herpes simplex tipo 2 en pacientes atendidos en centros de referencia de ETS de Santiago [Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection in two clinics for sexually transmitted diseases in Santiago, Chile].},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.4067/S0034-98872005000300005},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-00-00},

urldate = {2005-00-00},

journal = {Rev. Medica Chile.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Martínez MJ, Navarrete N, Santander E, Gubelin W. 

 - Cómo citar: Martínez MJ, Navarrete N, Santander E, Gubelin W. Seropervalencia de la infección por virus herpes simplex tipo 2 en pacientes atendidos en centros de referencia de ETS de Santiago [Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection in two clinics for sexually transmitted diseases in Santiago, Chile]. Rev. Medica Chile. 2005;133(3):302-6. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872005000300005. PMID: 15880184. ISSN: 0034-9887. IF [JCR]: 0.553. Q4 - Resumen: Background: Genital herpes, a sexually transmitted disease caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), is found in 3.8% of all sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in Chile. Aim: To determine the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and to identify an association between HSV-2 and HIV-1, other STD, and to study its demographic characteristics. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study at two STD public clinics in Santiago was conducted among 200 consecutive patients. Samples were tested for HSV-2, HIV-1, syphilis and hepatitis B virus surface antigen. Results: The seroprevalence for HSV-2 was 43%. Four patients had a history of genital herpes. There was a strong association between HSV-2 infection and HIV-1 positivity (OR=8.7, 95% CI 3.4-22.4, p <0.001) and the condition of being a sexual worker (OR=4.5, 95% CI 1.7-11.9, p <0.01). Conclusions: The high association with HIV-1 and sexual workers, emphasizes the need of having HSV-2 specific diagnostic tests, counseling on sign and symptom recognition and taking preventive measures (Rev Méd Chile 2005; 133: 302-6).},

keywords = {   Otros.    /   },

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_52,

title = {A report on student abuse during medical training.},

author = {Ana Pereira},

doi = {10.1080/01421590310001606317},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-00-00},

urldate = {2003-00-00},

journal = {Med. Teach.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Maida AM, Vasquez A, Herskovic V, Calderon JL, Jacard M, Widdel L. 

- Cómo citar: Maida AM, Vasquez A, Herskovic V, Calderon JL, Jacard M, Widdel L. A report on student abuse during medical training. Med. Teach. 2003;25(5):497-501. doi: 10.1080/01421590310001606317. PMID: 14522671. ISSN: 0142-159X. IF [JCR]: 3.650. Q1 

- Resumen: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, and the consequences, of abusive situations as perceived by students during the course of their medical training. A descriptive study was carried out surveying the entire 2000 fifth-year class of 181 in the Medical School of the University of Chile. The questionnaire was answered by 144 students. Results showed that 91.7% of the students who responded had suffered at least one episode of abuse while enrolled in medical school. The main offenders were teachers and peers. Verbal abuse was the most common (85.4%), followed by psychological (79.9%), sexual (26.4%) and physical (23.6%) abuse. Students reported that abuse had effects on their mental health, social life and the image they had of physicians; 17% considered dropping out of school as a consequence of this experience. Efforts should be addressed to prompt educators to reflect on their role.},

keywords = {   Otros.    /   },

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_53,

title = {Malignant melanoma mortality rates in Chile (1988–98).},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

doi = {10.1046/j.1365-4362.2002.01421.x},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-00-00},

urldate = {2002-00-00},

journal = {Int. J. Dermatol.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Zemelman V, Kirschbaum A. 

- Cómo citar: Zemelman V, Garmendia ML, Kirschbaum A. Malignant melanoma mortality rates in Chile (1988–98). Int. J. Dermatol. 2002;41:99–103. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.2002.01421.x. PMID: 11982646. ISSN: 0011-9059 IF [JCR]: 2.736. Q3 

- Resumen: Background Malignant melanoma (MM) mortality has increased in the Caucasian population many fold over the past several decades. In this study, we analyzed the Chilean-specific, age-adjusted MM mortality rates per 100,000 population during the decade 1988–98 in order to establish changes in that period. 

Methods We analyzed all death certificates from the Chilean Death Registry Office (1988–98) and retrieved the deaths attributed to MM. The data were categorized according to sex and age group. The annual age-adjusted and sex-specific rates of MM mortality per 100,000 population were calculated. 

Results Chilean MM mortality rates increased by 14% between 1988 and 1998. The relative risk for males vs. females was 1.3 with a tendency to rise, showing an increase of 30%. The relative risk of dying from MM in Chile increased linearly with age. An individual of 75 years or older had a 44.24 times greater risk of dying of MM than an individual in the 0–44-year age group. The rates in the > 75-year age group also showed a tendency to rise over the decade, with an increase of 64% (1988–98). 

Conclusions The Chilean MM mortality rates are lower than the world standardized rates. The total Chilean MM mortality rates showed an increase over the decade 1988–98, mainly due to MM mortality in males. The MM mortality in Chilean females was lower than that in males, and was unchanged over the decade; this is in agreement with the results reported in other countries. This is one of the first studies of MM mortality in the Chilean population. The results are important when the geographic location of Chile is considered.},

keywords = {   L2: Cánceres Asociados a la Nutrición.     /    },

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey_54,

title = {Intoxicación por Monóxido de Carbono: Aspectos Epidemiológicos, Fisiológicos y Clínicos.},

author = {María Luisa Garmendia},

year  = {1999},

date = {1999-00-00},

urldate = {1999-00-00},

journal = {Rev. Ch. Salud Pública.},

abstract = {- Otros autores: Cáceres D, Quiñones L, Varas Hernán. 

- Cómo citar: 

- Resumen:},

keywords = {   Otros.    /   },

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}